JSONObjectTest.java

package org.json.junit;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;

import java.io.StringReader;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;

import org.json.CDL;
import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import org.json.JSONPointerException;
import org.json.XML;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.jayway.jsonpath.Configuration;
import com.jayway.jsonpath.JsonPath;

/**
 * JSONObject, along with JSONArray, are the central classes of the reference app.
 * All of the other classes interact with them, and JSON functionality would
 * otherwise be impossible.
 */
public class JSONObjectTest {

    /**
     * JSONObject built from a bean, but only using a null value.
     * Nothing good is expected to happen.
     * Expects NullPointerException
     */
    @Test(expected=NullPointerException.class)
    public void jsonObjectByNullBean() {
        MyBean myBean = null;
        new JSONObject(myBean);
    }

    /**
     * A JSONObject can be created with no content
     */
    @Test
    public void emptyJsonObject() {
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
        assertTrue("jsonObject should be empty", jsonObject.length() == 0);
    }

    /**
     * A JSONObject can be created from another JSONObject plus a list of names.
     * In this test, some of the starting JSONObject keys are not in the 
     * names list.
     */
    @Test
    public void jsonObjectByNames() {
        String str = 
            "{"+
                "\"trueKey\":true,"+
                "\"falseKey\":false,"+
                "\"nullKey\":null,"+
                "\"stringKey\":\"hello world!\","+
                "\"escapeStringKey\":\"h\be\tllo w\u1234orld!\","+
                "\"intKey\":42,"+
                "\"doubleKey\":-23.45e67"+
            "}";
        String[] keys = {"falseKey", "stringKey", "nullKey", "doubleKey"};
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(str);

        // validate JSON
        JSONObject jsonObjectByName = new JSONObject(jsonObject, keys);
        Object doc = Configuration.defaultConfiguration().jsonProvider().parse(jsonObjectByName.toString());
        assertTrue("expected 4 top level items", ((Map<?,?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$"))).size() == 4);
        assertTrue("expected \"falseKey\":false", Boolean.FALSE.equals(jsonObjectByName.query("/falseKey")));
        assertTrue("expected \"nullKey\":null", JSONObject.NULL.equals(jsonObjectByName.query("/nullKey")));
        assertTrue("expected \"stringKey\":\"hello world!\"", "hello world!".equals(jsonObjectByName.query("/stringKey")));
        assertTrue("expected \"doubleKey\":-23.45e67", Double.valueOf("-23.45e67").equals(jsonObjectByName.query("/doubleKey")));
    }

    /**
     * JSONObjects can be built from a Map<String, Object>. 
     * In this test the map is null.
     * the JSONObject(JsonTokener) ctor is not tested directly since it already
     * has full coverage from other tests.
     */
    @Test
    public void jsonObjectByNullMap() {
        Map<String, Object> map = null;
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(map);
        assertTrue("jsonObject should be empty", jsonObject.length() == 0);
    }

    /**
     * JSONObjects can be built from a Map<String, Object>. 
     * In this test all of the map entries are valid JSON types.
     */
    @Test
    public void jsonObjectByMap() {
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("trueKey", new Boolean(true));
        map.put("falseKey", new Boolean(false));
        map.put("stringKey", "hello world!");
        map.put("escapeStringKey", "h\be\tllo w\u1234orld!");
        map.put("intKey", new Long(42));
        map.put("doubleKey", new Double(-23.45e67));
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(map);

        // validate JSON
        Object doc = Configuration.defaultConfiguration().jsonProvider().parse(jsonObject.toString());
        assertTrue("expected 6 top level items", ((Map<?,?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$"))).size() == 6);
        assertTrue("expected \"trueKey\":true", Boolean.TRUE.equals(jsonObject.query("/trueKey")));
        assertTrue("expected \"falseKey\":false", Boolean.FALSE.equals(jsonObject.query("/falseKey")));
        assertTrue("expected \"stringKey\":\"hello world!\"", "hello world!".equals(jsonObject.query("/stringKey")));
        assertTrue("expected \"escapeStringKey\":\"h\be\tllo w\u1234orld!\"", "h\be\tllo w\u1234orld!".equals(jsonObject.query("/escapeStringKey")));
        assertTrue("expected \"doubleKey\":-23.45e67", Double.valueOf("-23.45e67").equals(jsonObject.query("/doubleKey")));
    }

    /**
     * Verifies that the constructor has backwards compatability with RAW types pre-java5.
     */
    @Test
    public void verifyConstructor() {
        
        final JSONObject expected = new JSONObject("{\"myKey\":10}");
        
        @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
        Map myRawC = Collections.singletonMap("myKey", Integer.valueOf(10));
        JSONObject jaRaw = new JSONObject(myRawC);

        Map<String, Object> myCStrObj = Collections.singletonMap("myKey",
                (Object) Integer.valueOf(10));
        JSONObject jaStrObj = new JSONObject(myCStrObj);

        Map<String, Integer> myCStrInt = Collections.singletonMap("myKey",
                Integer.valueOf(10));
        JSONObject jaStrInt = new JSONObject(myCStrInt);

        Map<?, ?> myCObjObj = Collections.singletonMap((Object) "myKey",
                (Object) Integer.valueOf(10));
        JSONObject jaObjObj = new JSONObject(myCObjObj);

        assertTrue(
                "The RAW Collection should give me the same as the Typed Collection",
                expected.similar(jaRaw));
        assertTrue(
                "The RAW Collection should give me the same as the Typed Collection",
                expected.similar(jaStrObj));
        assertTrue(
                "The RAW Collection should give me the same as the Typed Collection",
                expected.similar(jaStrInt));
        assertTrue(
                "The RAW Collection should give me the same as the Typed Collection",
                expected.similar(jaObjObj));
    }
    
    /**
     * Verifies that the put Collection has backwards compatability with RAW types pre-java5.
     */
    @Test
    public void verifyPutCollection() {
        
        final JSONObject expected = new JSONObject("{\"myCollection\":[10]}");

        @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
        Collection myRawC = Collections.singleton(Integer.valueOf(10));
        JSONObject jaRaw = new JSONObject();
        jaRaw.put("myCollection", myRawC);

        Collection<Object> myCObj = Collections.singleton((Object) Integer
                .valueOf(10));
        JSONObject jaObj = new JSONObject();
        jaObj.put("myCollection", myCObj);

        Collection<Integer> myCInt = Collections.singleton(Integer
                .valueOf(10));
        JSONObject jaInt = new JSONObject();
        jaInt.put("myCollection", myCInt);

        assertTrue(
                "The RAW Collection should give me the same as the Typed Collection",
                expected.similar(jaRaw));
        assertTrue(
                "The RAW Collection should give me the same as the Typed Collection",
                expected.similar(jaObj));
        assertTrue(
                "The RAW Collection should give me the same as the Typed Collection",
                expected.similar(jaInt));
    }

    
    /**
     * Verifies that the put Map has backwards compatability with RAW types pre-java5.
     */
    @Test
    public void verifyPutMap() {
        
        final JSONObject expected = new JSONObject("{\"myMap\":{\"myKey\":10}}");

        @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
        Map myRawC = Collections.singletonMap("myKey", Integer.valueOf(10));
        JSONObject jaRaw = new JSONObject();
        jaRaw.put("myMap", myRawC);

        Map<String, Object> myCStrObj = Collections.singletonMap("myKey",
                (Object) Integer.valueOf(10));
        JSONObject jaStrObj = new JSONObject();
        jaStrObj.put("myMap", myCStrObj);

        Map<String, Integer> myCStrInt = Collections.singletonMap("myKey",
                Integer.valueOf(10));
        JSONObject jaStrInt = new JSONObject();
        jaStrInt.put("myMap", myCStrInt);

        Map<?, ?> myCObjObj = Collections.singletonMap((Object) "myKey",
                (Object) Integer.valueOf(10));
        JSONObject jaObjObj = new JSONObject();
        jaObjObj.put("myMap", myCObjObj);

        assertTrue(
                "The RAW Collection should give me the same as the Typed Collection",
                expected.similar(jaRaw));
        assertTrue(
                "The RAW Collection should give me the same as the Typed Collection",
                expected.similar(jaStrObj));
        assertTrue(
                "The RAW Collection should give me the same as the Typed Collection",
                expected.similar(jaStrInt));
        assertTrue(
                "The RAW Collection should give me the same as the Typed Collection",
                expected.similar(jaObjObj));
    }


    /**
     * JSONObjects can be built from a Map<String, Object>. 
     * In this test the map entries are not valid JSON types.
     * The actual conversion is kind of interesting.
     */
    @Test
    public void jsonObjectByMapWithUnsupportedValues() {
        Map<String, Object> jsonMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        // Just insert some random objects
        jsonMap.put("key1", new CDL());
        jsonMap.put("key2", new Exception());

        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(jsonMap);

        // validate JSON
        Object doc = Configuration.defaultConfiguration().jsonProvider().parse(jsonObject.toString());
        assertTrue("expected 2 top level items", ((Map<?,?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$"))).size() == 2);
        assertTrue("expected 0 key1 items", ((Map<?,?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$.key1"))).size() == 0);
        assertTrue("expected \"key2\":java.lang.Exception","java.lang.Exception".equals(jsonObject.query("/key2")));
    }

    /**
     * JSONObjects can be built from a Map<String, Object>. 
     * In this test one of the map values is null 
     */
    @Test
    public void jsonObjectByMapWithNullValue() {
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("trueKey", new Boolean(true));
        map.put("falseKey", new Boolean(false));
        map.put("stringKey", "hello world!");
        map.put("nullKey", null);
        map.put("escapeStringKey", "h\be\tllo w\u1234orld!");
        map.put("intKey", new Long(42));
        map.put("doubleKey", new Double(-23.45e67));
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(map);

        // validate JSON
        Object doc = Configuration.defaultConfiguration().jsonProvider().parse(jsonObject.toString());
        assertTrue("expected 6 top level items", ((Map<?,?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$"))).size() == 6);
        assertTrue("expected \"trueKey\":true", Boolean.TRUE.equals(jsonObject.query("/trueKey")));
        assertTrue("expected \"falseKey\":false", Boolean.FALSE.equals(jsonObject.query("/falseKey")));
        assertTrue("expected \"stringKey\":\"hello world!\"", "hello world!".equals(jsonObject.query("/stringKey")));
        assertTrue("expected \"escapeStringKey\":\"h\be\tllo w\u1234orld!\"", "h\be\tllo w\u1234orld!".equals(jsonObject.query("/escapeStringKey")));
        assertTrue("expected \"intKey\":42", Long.valueOf("42").equals(jsonObject.query("/intKey")));
        assertTrue("expected \"doubleKey\":-23.45e67", Double.valueOf("-23.45e67").equals(jsonObject.query("/doubleKey")));
    }

    /**
     * JSONObject built from a bean. In this case all but one of the 
     * bean getters return valid JSON types
     */
    @Test
    public void jsonObjectByBean() {
        /**
         * Default access classes have to be mocked since JSONObject, which is
         * not in the same package, cannot call MyBean methods by reflection.
         */
        MyBean myBean = mock(MyBean.class);
        when(myBean.getDoubleKey()).thenReturn(-23.45e7);
        when(myBean.getIntKey()).thenReturn(42);
        when(myBean.getStringKey()).thenReturn("hello world!");
        when(myBean.getEscapeStringKey()).thenReturn("h\be\tllo w\u1234orld!");
        when(myBean.isTrueKey()).thenReturn(true);
        when(myBean.isFalseKey()).thenReturn(false);
        when(myBean.getStringReaderKey()).thenReturn(
            new StringReader("") {
            });

        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(myBean);

        // validate JSON
        Object doc = Configuration.defaultConfiguration().jsonProvider().parse(jsonObject.toString());
        assertTrue("expected 8 top level items", ((Map<?,?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$"))).size() == 8);
        assertTrue("expected 0 items in stringReaderKey", ((Map<?, ?>) (JsonPath.read(doc, "$.stringReaderKey"))).size() == 0);
        assertTrue("expected true", Boolean.TRUE.equals(jsonObject.query("/trueKey")));
        assertTrue("expected false", Boolean.FALSE.equals(jsonObject.query("/falseKey")));
        assertTrue("expected hello world!","hello world!".equals(jsonObject.query("/stringKey")));
        assertTrue("expected h\be\tllo w\u1234orld!", "h\be\tllo w\u1234orld!".equals(jsonObject.query("/escapeStringKey")));
        assertTrue("expected 42", Integer.valueOf("42").equals(jsonObject.query("/intKey")));
        assertTrue("expected -23.45e7", Double.valueOf("-23.45e7").equals(jsonObject.query("/doubleKey")));
        // sorry, mockito artifact
        assertTrue("expected 2 callbacks items", ((List<?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$.callbacks"))).size() == 2);
        assertTrue("expected 0 handler items", ((Map<?,?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$.callbacks[0].handler"))).size() == 0);
        assertTrue("expected 0 callbacks[1] items", ((Map<?,?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$.callbacks[1]"))).size() == 0);
    }

    /**
     * A bean is also an object. But in order to test the JSONObject
     * ctor that takes an object and a list of names, 
     * this particular bean needs some public
     * data members, which have been added to the class.
     */
    @Test
    public void jsonObjectByObjectAndNames() {
        String[] keys = {"publicString", "publicInt"};
        // just need a class that has public data members
        MyPublicClass myPublicClass = new MyPublicClass();
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(myPublicClass, keys);

        // validate JSON
        Object doc = Configuration.defaultConfiguration().jsonProvider().parse(jsonObject.toString());
        assertTrue("expected 2 top level items", ((Map<?,?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$"))).size() == 2);
        assertTrue("expected \"publicString\":\"abc\"", "abc".equals(jsonObject.query("/publicString")));
        assertTrue("expected \"publicInt\":42", Integer.valueOf(42).equals(jsonObject.query("/publicInt")));
    }

    /**
     * Exercise the JSONObject from resource bundle functionality.
     * The test resource bundle is uncomplicated, but provides adequate test coverage.
     */
    @Test
    public void jsonObjectByResourceBundle() {
        JSONObject jsonObject = new
                JSONObject("org.json.junit.StringsResourceBundle",
                        Locale.getDefault());

        // validate JSON
        Object doc = Configuration.defaultConfiguration().jsonProvider().parse(jsonObject.toString());
        assertTrue("expected 2 top level items", ((Map<?,?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$"))).size() == 2);
        assertTrue("expected 2 greetings items", ((Map<?,?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$.greetings"))).size() == 2);
        assertTrue("expected \"hello\":\"Hello, \"", "Hello, ".equals(jsonObject.query("/greetings/hello")));
        assertTrue("expected \"world\":\"World!\"", "World!".equals(jsonObject.query("/greetings/world")));
        assertTrue("expected 2 farewells items", ((Map<?,?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$.farewells"))).size() == 2);
        assertTrue("expected \"later\":\"Later, \"", "Later, ".equals(jsonObject.query("/farewells/later")));
        assertTrue("expected \"world\":\"World!\"", "Alligator!".equals(jsonObject.query("/farewells/gator")));
    }

    /**
     * Exercise the JSONObject.accumulate() method
     */
    @Test
    public void jsonObjectAccumulate() {

        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
        jsonObject.accumulate("myArray", true);
        jsonObject.accumulate("myArray", false);
        jsonObject.accumulate("myArray", "hello world!");
        jsonObject.accumulate("myArray", "h\be\tllo w\u1234orld!");
        jsonObject.accumulate("myArray", 42);
        jsonObject.accumulate("myArray", -23.45e7);
        // include an unsupported object for coverage
        try {
            jsonObject.accumulate("myArray", Double.NaN);
            assertTrue("Expected exception", false);
        } catch (JSONException ignored) {}

        // validate JSON
        Object doc = Configuration.defaultConfiguration().jsonProvider().parse(jsonObject.toString());
        assertTrue("expected 1 top level item", ((Map<?,?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$"))).size() == 1);
        assertTrue("expected 6 myArray items", ((List<?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$.myArray"))).size() == 6);
        assertTrue("expected true", Boolean.TRUE.equals(jsonObject.query("/myArray/0")));
        assertTrue("expected false", Boolean.FALSE.equals(jsonObject.query("/myArray/1")));
        assertTrue("expected hello world!", "hello world!".equals(jsonObject.query("/myArray/2")));
        assertTrue("expected h\be\tllo w\u1234orld!", "h\be\tllo w\u1234orld!".equals(jsonObject.query("/myArray/3")));
        assertTrue("expected 42", Integer.valueOf(42).equals(jsonObject.query("/myArray/4")));
        assertTrue("expected -23.45e7", Double.valueOf(-23.45e7).equals(jsonObject.query("/myArray/5")));
    }

    /**
     * Exercise the JSONObject append() functionality
     */
    @Test
    public void jsonObjectAppend() {
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
        jsonObject.append("myArray", true);
        jsonObject.append("myArray", false);
        jsonObject.append("myArray", "hello world!");
        jsonObject.append("myArray", "h\be\tllo w\u1234orld!");
        jsonObject.append("myArray", 42);
        jsonObject.append("myArray", -23.45e7);
        // include an unsupported object for coverage
        try {
            jsonObject.append("myArray", Double.NaN);
            assertTrue("Expected exception", false);
        } catch (JSONException ignored) {}

        // validate JSON
        Object doc = Configuration.defaultConfiguration().jsonProvider().parse(jsonObject.toString());
        assertTrue("expected 1 top level item", ((Map<?,?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$"))).size() == 1);
        assertTrue("expected 6 myArray items", ((List<?>)(JsonPath.read(doc, "$.myArray"))).size() == 6);
        assertTrue("expected true", Boolean.TRUE.equals(jsonObject.query("/myArray/0")));
        assertTrue("expected false", Boolean.FALSE.equals(jsonObject.query("/myArray/1/")));
        assertTrue("expected hello world!", "hello world!".equals(jsonObject.query("/myArray/2")));
        assertTrue("expected h\be\tllo w\u1234orld!", "h\be\tllo w\u1234orld!".equals(jsonObject.query("/myArray/3")));
        assertTrue("expected 42", Integer.valueOf(42).equals(jsonObject.query("/myArray/4")));
        assertTrue("expected -23.45e7", Double.valueOf(-23.45e7).equals(jsonObject.query("/myArray/5")));
    }

    /**
     * Exercise the JSONObject doubleToString() method
     */
    @Test
    public void jsonObjectDoubleToString() {
        String [] expectedStrs = {"1", "1", "-23.4", "-2.345E68", "null", "null" };
        Double [] doubles = { 1.0, 00001.00000, -23.4, -23.45e67, 
                Double.NaN, Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY }; 
        for (int i = 0; i < expectedStrs.length; ++i) {
            String actualStr = JSONObject.doubleToString(doubles[i]);
            assertTrue("value expected ["+expectedStrs[i]+
                    "] found ["+actualStr+ "]",
                    expectedStrs[i].equals(actualStr));
        }
    }

    /**
     * Exercise some JSONObject get[type] and opt[type] methods
     */
    @Test
    public void jsonObjectValues() {
        String str = 
            "{"+
                "\"trueKey\":true,"+
                "\"falseKey\":false,"+
                "\"trueStrKey\":\"true\","+
                "\"falseStrKey\":\"false\","+
                "\"stringKey\":\"hello world!\","+
                "\"intKey\":42,"+
                "\"intStrKey\":\"43\","+
                "\"longKey\":1234567890123456789,"+
                "\"longStrKey\":\"987654321098765432\","+
                "\"doubleKey\":-23.45e7,"+
                "\"doubleStrKey\":\"00001.000\","+
                "\"arrayKey\":[0,1,2],"+
                "\"objectKey\":{\"myKey\":\"myVal\"}"+
            "}";
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(str);
        assertTrue("trueKey should be true", jsonObject.getBoolean("trueKey"));
        assertTrue("opt trueKey should be true", jsonObject.optBoolean("trueKey"));
        assertTrue("falseKey should be false", !jsonObject.getBoolean("falseKey"));
        assertTrue("trueStrKey should be true", jsonObject.getBoolean("trueStrKey"));
        assertTrue("trueStrKey should be true", jsonObject.optBoolean("trueStrKey"));
        assertTrue("falseStrKey should be false", !jsonObject.getBoolean("falseStrKey"));
        assertTrue("stringKey should be string",
            jsonObject.getString("stringKey").equals("hello world!"));
        assertTrue("doubleKey should be double", 
                jsonObject.getDouble("doubleKey") == -23.45e7);
        assertTrue("doubleStrKey should be double", 
                jsonObject.getDouble("doubleStrKey") == 1);
        assertTrue("opt doubleKey should be double", 
                jsonObject.optDouble("doubleKey") == -23.45e7);
        assertTrue("opt doubleKey with Default should be double", 
                jsonObject.optDouble("doubleStrKey", Double.NaN) == 1);
        assertTrue("intKey should be int", 
                jsonObject.optInt("intKey") == 42);
        assertTrue("opt intKey should be int", 
                jsonObject.optInt("intKey", 0) == 42);
        assertTrue("opt intKey with default should be int", 
                jsonObject.getInt("intKey") == 42);
        assertTrue("intStrKey should be int", 
                jsonObject.getInt("intStrKey") == 43);
        assertTrue("longKey should be long", 
                jsonObject.getLong("longKey") == 1234567890123456789L);
        assertTrue("opt longKey should be long", 
                jsonObject.optLong("longKey") == 1234567890123456789L);
        assertTrue("opt longKey with default should be long", 
                jsonObject.optLong("longKey", 0) == 1234567890123456789L);
        assertTrue("longStrKey should be long", 
                jsonObject.getLong("longStrKey") == 987654321098765432L);
        assertTrue("xKey should not exist",
                jsonObject.isNull("xKey"));
        assertTrue("stringKey should exist",
                jsonObject.has("stringKey"));
        assertTrue("opt stringKey should string",
                jsonObject.optString("stringKey").equals("hello world!"));
        assertTrue("opt stringKey with default should string",
                jsonObject.optString("stringKey", "not found").equals("hello world!"));
        JSONArray jsonArray = jsonObject.getJSONArray("arrayKey");
        assertTrue("arrayKey should be JSONArray", 
                jsonArray.getInt(0) == 0 &&
                jsonArray.getInt(1) == 1 &&
                jsonArray.getInt(2) == 2);
        jsonArray = jsonObject.optJSONArray("arrayKey");
        assertTrue("opt arrayKey should be JSONArray", 
                jsonArray.getInt(0) == 0 &&
                jsonArray.getInt(1) == 1 &&
                jsonArray.getInt(2) == 2);
        JSONObject jsonObjectInner = jsonObject.getJSONObject("objectKey");
        assertTrue("objectKey should be JSONObject", 
                jsonObjectInner.get("myKey").equals("myVal"));
    }

    /**
     * Check whether JSONObject handles large or high precision numbers correctly
     */
    @Test
    public void stringToValueNumbersTest() {
        assertTrue("-0 Should be a Double!",JSONObject.stringToValue("-0")  instanceof Double);
        assertTrue("-0.0 Should be a Double!",JSONObject.stringToValue("-0.0") instanceof Double);
        assertTrue("'-' Should be a String!",JSONObject.stringToValue("-") instanceof String);
        assertTrue( "0.2 should be a Double!",
                JSONObject.stringToValue( "0.2" ) instanceof Double );
        assertTrue( "Doubles should be Doubles, even when incorrectly converting floats!",
                JSONObject.stringToValue( new Double( "0.2f" ).toString() ) instanceof Double );
        /**
         * This test documents a need for BigDecimal conversion.
         */
        Object obj = JSONObject.stringToValue( "299792.457999999984" );
        assertTrue( "evaluates to 299792.458 doubld instead of 299792.457999999984 BigDecimal!",
                 obj.equals(new Double(299792.458)) );
        assertTrue( "1 should be an Integer!",
                JSONObject.stringToValue( "1" ) instanceof Integer );
        assertTrue( "Integer.MAX_VALUE should still be an Integer!",
                JSONObject.stringToValue( new Integer( Integer.MAX_VALUE ).toString() ) instanceof Integer );
        assertTrue( "Large integers should be a Long!",
                JSONObject.stringToValue( new Long( Long.sum( Integer.MAX_VALUE, 1 ) ).toString() ) instanceof Long );
        assertTrue( "Long.MAX_VALUE should still be an Integer!",
                JSONObject.stringToValue( new Long( Long.MAX_VALUE ).toString() ) instanceof Long );

        String str = new BigInteger( new Long( Long.MAX_VALUE ).toString() ).add( BigInteger.ONE ).toString();
        assertTrue( "Really large integers currently evaluate to string",
                JSONObject.stringToValue(str).equals("9223372036854775808"));
    }

    /**
     * This test documents numeric values which could be numerically
     * handled as BigDecimal or BigInteger. It helps determine what outputs
     * will change if those types are supported.
     */
    @Test
    public void jsonValidNumberValuesNeitherLongNorIEEE754Compatible() {
        // Valid JSON Numbers, probably should return BigDecimal or BigInteger objects
        String str = 
            "{"+
                "\"numberWithDecimals\":299792.457999999984,"+
                "\"largeNumber\":12345678901234567890,"+
                "\"preciseNumber\":0.2000000000000000111,"+
                "\"largeExponent\":-23.45e2327"+
            "}";
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(str);
        // Comes back as a double, but loses precision
        assertTrue( "numberWithDecimals currently evaluates to double 299792.458",
                jsonObject.get( "numberWithDecimals" ).equals( new Double( "299792.458" ) ) );
        Object obj = jsonObject.get( "largeNumber" );
        assertTrue("largeNumber currently evaluates to string",
                "12345678901234567890".equals(obj));
        // comes back as a double but loses precision
        assertTrue( "preciseNumber currently evaluates to double 0.2",
                jsonObject.get( "preciseNumber" ).equals(new Double(0.2)));
        obj = jsonObject.get( "largeExponent" );
        assertTrue("largeExponent should currently evaluates as a string",
                "-23.45e2327".equals(obj));
    }

    /**
     * This test documents how JSON-Java handles invalid numeric input.
     */
    @Test
    public void jsonInvalidNumberValues() {
            // Number-notations supported by Java and invalid as JSON
        String str = 
            "{"+
                "\"hexNumber\":-0x123,"+
                "\"tooManyZeros\":00,"+
                "\"negativeInfinite\":-Infinity,"+
                "\"negativeNaN\":-NaN,"+
                "\"negativeFraction\":-.01,"+
                "\"tooManyZerosFraction\":00.001,"+
                "\"negativeHexFloat\":-0x1.fffp1,"+
                "\"hexFloat\":0x1.0P-1074,"+
                "\"floatIdentifier\":0.1f,"+
                "\"doubleIdentifier\":0.1d"+
            "}";
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(str);
        Object obj;
        obj = jsonObject.get( "hexNumber" );
        assertFalse( "hexNumber must not be a number (should throw exception!?)",
                 obj instanceof Number );
        assertTrue("hexNumber currently evaluates to string",
                obj.equals("-0x123"));
        assertTrue( "tooManyZeros currently evaluates to string",
                jsonObject.get( "tooManyZeros" ).equals("00"));
        obj = jsonObject.get("negativeInfinite");
        assertTrue( "negativeInfinite currently evaluates to string",
                obj.equals("-Infinity"));
        obj = jsonObject.get("negativeNaN");
        assertTrue( "negativeNaN currently evaluates to string",
                obj.equals("-NaN"));
        assertTrue( "negativeFraction currently evaluates to double -0.01",
                jsonObject.get( "negativeFraction" ).equals(new Double(-0.01)));
        assertTrue( "tooManyZerosFraction currently evaluates to double 0.001",
                jsonObject.get( "tooManyZerosFraction" ).equals(new Double(0.001)));
        assertTrue( "negativeHexFloat currently evaluates to double -3.99951171875",
                jsonObject.get( "negativeHexFloat" ).equals(new Double(-3.99951171875)));
        assertTrue("hexFloat currently evaluates to double 4.9E-324",
                jsonObject.get("hexFloat").equals(new Double(4.9E-324)));
        assertTrue("floatIdentifier currently evaluates to double 0.1",
                jsonObject.get("floatIdentifier").equals(new Double(0.1)));
        assertTrue("doubleIdentifier currently evaluates to double 0.1",
                jsonObject.get("doubleIdentifier").equals(new Double(0.1)));
    }

    /**
     * Tests how JSONObject get[type] handles incorrect types
     */
    @Test
    public void jsonObjectNonAndWrongValues() {
        String str = 
            "{"+
                "\"trueKey\":true,"+
                "\"falseKey\":false,"+
                "\"trueStrKey\":\"true\","+
                "\"falseStrKey\":\"false\","+
                "\"stringKey\":\"hello world!\","+
                "\"intKey\":42,"+
                "\"intStrKey\":\"43\","+
                "\"longKey\":1234567890123456789,"+
                "\"longStrKey\":\"987654321098765432\","+
                "\"doubleKey\":-23.45e7,"+
                "\"doubleStrKey\":\"00001.000\","+
                "\"arrayKey\":[0,1,2],"+
                "\"objectKey\":{\"myKey\":\"myVal\"}"+
            "}";
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(str);
        try {
            jsonObject.getBoolean("nonKey");
            assertTrue("Expected an exception", false);
        } catch (JSONException e) { 
            assertTrue("expecting an exception message", 
                    "JSONObject[\"nonKey\"] not found.".equals(e.getMessage()));
        }
        try {
            jsonObject.getBoolean("stringKey");
            assertTrue("Expected an exception", false);
        } catch (JSONException e) { 
            assertTrue("Expecting an exception message", 
                    "JSONObject[\"stringKey\"] is not a Boolean.".
                    equals(e.getMessage()));
        }
        try {
            jsonObject.getString("nonKey");
            assertTrue("Expected an exception", false);
        } catch (JSONException e) { 
            assertTrue("Expecting an exception message", 
                    "JSONObject[\"nonKey\"] not found.".
                    equals(e.getMessage()));
        }
        try {
            jsonObject.getString("trueKey");
            assertTrue("Expected an exception", false);
        } catch (JSONException e) { 
            assertTrue("Expecting an exception message", 
                    "JSONObject[\"trueKey\"] not a string.".
                    equals(e.getMessage()));
        }
        try {
            jsonObject.getDouble("nonKey");
            assertTrue("Expected an exception", false);
        } catch (JSONException e) {
            assertTrue("Expecting an exception message",
                    "JSONObject[\"nonKey\"] not found.".
                    equals(e.getMessage()));
        }
        try {
            jsonObject.getDouble("stringKey");
            assertTrue("Expected an exception", false);
        } catch (JSONException e) { 
            assertTrue("Expecting an exception message",
                    "JSONObject[\"stringKey\"] is not a number.".
                    equals(e.getMessage()));
        }
        try {
            jsonObject.getInt("nonKey");
            assertTrue("Expected an exception", false);
        } catch (JSONException e) { 
            assertTrue("Expecting an exception message",
                    "JSONObject[\"nonKey\"] not found.".
                    equals(e.getMessage()));
        }
        try {
            jsonObject.getInt("stringKey");
            assertTrue("Expected an exception", false);
        } catch (JSONException e) { 
            assertTrue("Expecting an exception message", 
                    "JSONObject[\"stringKey\"] is not an int.".
                    equals(e.getMessage()));
        }
        try {
            jsonObject.getLong("nonKey");
            assertTrue("Expected an exception", false);
        } catch (JSONException e) { 
            assertTrue("Expecting an exception message", 
                    "JSONObject[\"nonKey\"] not found.".
                    equals(e.getMessage()));
        }
        try {
            jsonObject.getLong("stringKey");
            assertTrue("Expected an exception", false);
        } catch (JSONException e) { 
            assertTrue("Expecting an exception message", 
                    "JSONObject[\"stringKey\"] is not a long.".
                    equals(e.getMessage()));
        }
        try {
            jsonObject.getJSONArray("nonKey");
            assertTrue("Expected an exception", false);
        } catch (JSONException e) { 
            assertTrue("Expecting an exception message", 
                    "JSONObject[\"nonKey\"] not found.".
                    equals(e.getMessage()));
        }
        try {
            jsonObject.getJSONArray("stringKey");
            assertTrue("Expected an exception", false);
        } catch (JSONException e) { 
            assertTrue("Expecting an exception message", 
                    "JSONObject[\"stringKey\"] is not a JSONArray.".
                    equals(e.getMessage()));
        }
        try {
            jsonObject.getJSONObject("nonKey");
            assertTrue("Expected an exception", false);
        } catch (JSONException e) { 
            assertTrue("Expecting an exception message", 
                    "JSONObject[\"nonKey\"] not found.".
                    equals(e.getMessage()));
        }
        try {
            jsonObject.getJSONObject("stringKey");
            assertTrue("Expected an exception", false);
        } catch (JSONException e) { 
            assertTrue("Expecting an exception message", 
                    "JSONObject[\"stringKey\"] is not a JSONObject.".
                    equals(e.getMessage()));
        }
    }

    /**
     * This test documents an unexpected numeric behavior.
     * A double that ends with .0 is parsed, serialized, then
     * parsed again. On the second parse, it has become an int.
     */
    @Test
    public void unexpectedDoubleToIntConversion() {
        String key30 = "key30";
        String key31 = "key31";
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
        jsonObject.put(key30, new Double(3.0));
        jsonObject.put(key31, new Double(3.1));

        assertTrue("3.0 should remain a double",
                jsonObject.getDouble(key30) == 3); 
        assertTrue("3.1 should remain a double",
                jsonObject.getDouble(key31) == 3.1); 
 
        // turns 3.0 into 3.
        String serializedString = jsonObject.toString();
        JSONObject deserialized = new JSONObject(serializedString);
        assertTrue("3.0 is now an int", deserialized.get(key30) instanceof Integer);
        assertTrue("3.0 can still be interpreted as a double",
                deserialized.getDouble(key30) == 3.0);
        assertTrue("3.1 remains a double", deserialized.getDouble(key31) == 3.1);
    }

    /**
     * Document behaviors of big numbers. Includes both JSONObject
     * and JSONArray tests
     */
    @Test
    public void bigNumberOperations() {
        /**
         * JSONObject tries to parse BigInteger as a bean, but it only has
         * one getter, getLowestBitSet(). The value is lost and an unhelpful
         * value is stored. This should be fixed.
         */
        BigInteger bigInteger = new BigInteger("123456789012345678901234567890");
        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(bigInteger);
        Object obj = jsonObject.get("lowestSetBit");
        assertTrue("JSONObject only has 1 value", jsonObject.length() == 1);
        assertTrue("JSONObject parses BigInteger as the Integer lowestBitSet",
                obj instanceof Integer);
        assertTrue("this bigInteger lowestBitSet happens to be 1",
                obj.equals(1));

        /**
         * JSONObject tries to parse BigDecimal as a bean, but it has
         * no getters, The value is lost and no value is stored.
         * This should be fixed.
         */
        BigDecimal bigDecimal = new BigDecimal(
                "123456789012345678901234567890.12345678901234567890123456789");
        jsonObject = new JSONObject(bigDecimal);
        assertTrue("large bigDecimal is not stored", jsonObject.length() == 0);

        /**
         * JSONObject put(String, Object) method stores and serializes
         * bigInt and bigDec correctly. Nothing needs to change. 
         */
        jsonObject = new JSONObject();
        jsonObject.put("bigInt", bigInteger);
        assertTrue("jsonObject.put() handles bigInt correctly",
                jsonObject.get("bigInt").equals(bigInteger));
        assertTrue("jsonObject.getBigInteger() handles bigInt correctly",
                jsonObject.getBigInteger("bigInt").equals(bigInteger));
        assertTrue("jsonObject.optBigInteger() handles bigInt correctly",
                jsonObject.optBigInteger("bigInt", BigInteger.ONE).equals(bigInteger));
        assertTrue("jsonObject serializes bigInt correctly",
                jsonObject.toString().equals("{\"bigInt\":123456789012345678901234567890}"));
        jsonObject = new JSONObject();
        jsonObject.put("bigDec", bigDecimal);
        assertTrue("jsonObject.put() handles bigDec correctly",
                jsonObject.get("bigDec").equals(bigDecimal));
        assertTrue("jsonObject.getBigDecimal() handles bigDec correctly",
                jsonObject.getBigDecimal("bigDec").equals(bigDecimal));
        assertTrue("jsonObject.optBigDecimal() handles bigDec correctly",
                jsonObject.optBigDecimal("bigDec", BigDecimal.ONE).equals(bigDecimal));
        assertTrue("jsonObject serializes bigDec correctly",
                jsonObject.toString().equals(
                "{\"bigDec\":123456789012345678901234567890.12345678901234567890123456789}"));

        /**
         * exercise some exceptions
         */
        try {
            jsonObject.getBigDecimal("bigInt");
            assertTrue("expected an exeption", false);
        } catch (JSONException ignored) {}
        obj = jsonObject.optBigDecimal("bigInt", BigDecimal.ONE);
        assertTrue("expected BigDecimal", obj.equals(BigDecimal.ONE));
        try {
            jsonObject.getBigInteger("bigDec");
            assertTrue("expected an exeption", false);
        } catch (JSONException ignored) {}
        jsonObject.put("stringKey",  "abc");
        try {
            jsonObject.getBigDecimal("stringKey");
            assertTrue("expected an exeption", false);
        } catch (JSONException ignored) {}
        obj = jsonObject.optBigInteger("bigDec", BigInteger.ONE);
        assertTrue("expected BigInteger", obj.equals(BigInteger.ONE));

        /**
         * JSONObject.numberToString() works correctly, nothing to change.
         */
        String str = JSONObject.numberToString(bigInteger);
        assertTrue("numberToString() handles bigInteger correctly",
                str.equals("123456789012345678901234567890"));
        str = JSONObject.numberToString(bigDecimal);
        assertTrue("numberToString() handles bigDecimal correctly",
                str.equals("123456789012345678901234567890.12345678901234567890123456789"));

        /**
         * JSONObject.stringToValue() turns bigInt into an accurate string,
         * and rounds bigDec. This incorrect, but users may have come to 
         * expect this behavior. Change would be marginally better, but 
         * might inconvenience users.
         */
        obj = JSONObject.stringToValue(bigInteger.toString());
        assertTrue("stringToValue() turns bigInteger string into string",
                obj instanceof String);
        obj = JSONObject.stringToValue(bigDecimal.toString());
        assertTrue("stringToValue() changes bigDecimal string",
                !obj.toString().equals(bigDecimal.toString()));

        /**
         * wrap() vs put() big number behavior is now the same.
         */
        // bigInt map ctor 
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("bigInt", bigInteger);
        jsonObject = new JSONObject(map);
        String actualFromMapStr = jsonObject.toString();
        assertTrue("bigInt in map (or array or bean) is a string",
                actualFromMapStr.equals(
                "{\"bigInt\":123456789012345678901234567890}"));
        // bigInt put
        jsonObject = new JSONObject();
        jsonObject.put("bigInt", bigInteger);
        String actualFromPutStr = jsonObject.toString();
        assertTrue("bigInt from put is a number",
                actualFromPutStr.equals(
                "{\"bigInt\":123456789012345678901234567890}"));
        // bigDec map ctor
        map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("bigDec", bigDecimal);
        jsonObject = new JSONObject(map);
        actualFromMapStr = jsonObject.toString();
        assertTrue("bigDec in map (or array or bean) is a bigDec",
                actualFromMapStr.equals(
                "{\"bigDec\":123456789012345678901234567890.12345678901234567890123456789}"));
        // bigDec put
        jsonObject = new JSONObject();
        jsonObject.put("bigDec", bigDecimal);
        actualFromPutStr = jsonObject.toString();
        assertTrue("bigDec from put is a number",
                actualFromPutStr.equals(
                "{\"bigDec\":123456789012345678901234567890.12345678901234567890123456789}"));
        // bigInt,bigDec put 
        JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray();
        jsonArray.put(bigInteger);
        jsonArray.put(bigDecimal);
        actualFromPutStr = jsonArray.toString();
        assertTrue("bigInt, bigDec from put is a number",
                actualFromPutStr.equals(
                "[123456789012345678901234567890,123456789012345678901234567890.12345678901234567890123456789]"));
        assertTrue("getBigInt is bigInt", jsonArray.getBigInteger(0).equals(bigInteger));
        assertTrue("getBigDec is bigDec", jsonArray.getBigDecimal(1).equals(bigDecimal));
        assertTrue("optBigInt is bigInt", jsonArray.optBigInteger(0, BigInteger.ONE).equals(bigInteger));
        assertTrue("optBigDec is bigDec", jsonArray.optBigDecimal(1, BigDecimal.ONE).equals(bigDecimal));
        jsonArray.put(Boolean.TRUE);
        try {
            jsonArray.getBigInteger(2);
            assertTrue("should not be able to get big int", false);
        } catch (Exception ignored) {}
        try {
            jsonArray.getBigDecimal(2);
            assertTrue("should not be able to get big dec", false);
        } catch (Exception ignored) {}
        assertTrue("optBigInt is default", jsonArray.optBigInteger(2, BigInteger.ONE).equals(BigInteger.ONE));
        assertTrue("optBigDec is default", jsonArray.optBigDecimal(2, BigDecimal.ONE).equals(BigDecimal.ONE));

        // bigInt,bigDec list ctor
        List<Object> list = new ArrayList<Object>();
        list.add(bigInteger);
        list.add(bigDecimal);
        jsonArray = new JSONArray(list);
        String actualFromListStr = jsonArray.toString();
        assertTrue("bigInt, bigDec in list is a bigInt, bigDec",
                actualFromListStr.equals(
                "[123456789012345678901234567890,123456789012345678901234567890.12345678901234567890123456789]"));
        // bigInt bean ctor
        MyBigNumberBean myBigNumberBean = mock(MyBigNumberBean.class);
        when(myBigNumberBean.getBigInteger()).thenReturn(new BigInteger("123456789012345678901234567890"));
        jsonObject = new JSONObject(myBigNumberBean);
        String actualFromBeanStr = jsonObject.toString();
        // can't do a full string compare because mockery adds an extra key/value
        assertTrue("bigInt from bean ctor is a bigInt",
                actualFromBeanStr.contains("123456789012345678901234567890"));
        // bigDec bean ctor
        myBigNumberBean = mock(MyBigNumberBean.class);
        when(myBigNumberBean.getBigDecimal()).thenReturn(new BigDecimal("123456789012345678901234567890.12345678901234567890123456789"));
        jsonObject = new JSONObject(myBigNumberBean);
        actualFromBeanStr = jsonObject.toString();
        // can't do a full string compare because mockery adds an extra key/value
        assertTrue("bigDec from bean ctor is a bigDec",
                actualFromBeanStr.contains("123456789012345678901234567890.12345678901234567890123456789"));
        // bigInt,bigDec wrap()
        obj = JSONObject.wrap(bigInteger);
        assertTrue("wrap() returns big num",obj.equals(bigInteger));
        obj = JSONObject.wrap(bigDecimal);
        assertTrue("wrap() returns string",obj.equals(bigDecimal));

    }

    /**
     * The purpose for the static method getNames() methods are not clear.
     * This method is not called from within JSON-Java. Most likely
     * uses are to prep names arrays for:  
     * JSONObject(JSONObject jo, String[] names)
     * JSONObject(Object object, String names[]),
     */
    @Test
    public void jsonObjectNames() {
        JSONObject jsonObject;

        // getNames() from null JSONObject