# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE. # Copyright (C) 2001 Python Software Foundation # This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package. # FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. # # Translators: # python-doc bot, 2025 # Hengky Kurniawan, 2025 # #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Python 3.15\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2026-08-01 14:54+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2025-09-16 00:02+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Hengky Kurniawan, 2025\n" "Language-Team: Indonesian (https://app.transifex.com/python-doc/teams/5390/" "id/)\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "Language: id\n" "Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n" msgid "Modules" msgstr "Modul-Modul" msgid "" "If you quit from the Python interpreter and enter it again, the definitions " "you have made (functions and variables) are lost. Therefore, if you want to " "write a somewhat longer program, you are better off using a text editor to " "prepare the input for the interpreter and running it with that file as input " "instead. This is known as creating a *script*. As your program gets " "longer, you may want to split it into several files for easier maintenance. " "You may also want to use a handy function that you've written in several " "programs without copying its definition into each program." msgstr "" "Jika Anda berhenti dari *interpreter* Python dan memasukkannya lagi, " "definisi yang Anda buat (fungsi dan variabel) akan hilang. Karena itu, jika " "Anda ingin menulis program yang agak lebih panjang, Anda lebih baik " "menggunakan editor teks untuk menyiapkan input bagi penerjemah dan " "menjalankannya dengan file itu sebagai input. Ini dikenal sebagai membuat " "*script*. Saat program Anda menjadi lebih panjang, Anda mungkin ingin " "membaginya menjadi beberapa file untuk pengelolaan yang lebih mudah. Anda " "mungkin juga ingin menggunakan fungsi praktis yang Anda tulis di beberapa " "program tanpa menyalin definisi ke setiap program." msgid "" "To support this, Python has a way to put definitions in a file and use them " "in a script or in an interactive instance of the interpreter. Such a file is " "called a *module*; definitions from a module can be *imported* into other " "modules or into the *main* module (the collection of variables that you have " "access to in a script executed at the top level and in calculator mode)." msgstr "" "Untuk mendukung ini, Python memiliki cara untuk meletakkan definisi dalam " "file dan menggunakannya dalam skrip atau dalam contoh interaktif dari " "*interpreter*. File seperti itu disebut *module*; definisi dari modul dapat " "*imported* ke modul lain atau ke modul *main* (kumpulan variabel yang Anda " "memiliki akses ke dalam skrip yang dieksekusi di tingkat atas dan dalam mode " "kalkulator)." msgid "" "A module is a file containing Python definitions and statements. The file " "name is the module name with the suffix :file:`.py` appended. Within a " "module, the module's name (as a string) is available as the value of the " "global variable ``__name__``. For instance, use your favorite text editor " "to create a file called :file:`fibo.py` in the current directory with the " "following contents::" msgstr "" "Modul adalah file yang berisi definisi dan pernyataan Python. Nama berkas " "adalah nama modul dengan akhiran :file:`.py` diakhirnya. Dalam sebuah modul, " "nama modul (sebagai string) tersedia sebagai nilai variabel global " "``__name__``. Misalnya, gunakan editor teks favorit Anda untuk membuat " "bernama bernama :file:`fibo.py` di direktori saat ini dengan konten " "berikut ::" msgid "" "# Fibonacci numbers module\n" "\n" "def fib(n):\n" " \"\"\"Write Fibonacci series up to n.\"\"\"\n" " a, b = 0, 1\n" " while a < n:\n" " print(a, end=' ')\n" " a, b = b, a+b\n" " print()\n" "\n" "def fib2(n):\n" " \"\"\"Return Fibonacci series up to n.\"\"\"\n" " result = []\n" " a, b = 0, 1\n" " while a < n:\n" " result.append(a)\n" " a, b = b, a+b\n" " return result" msgstr "" msgid "" "Now enter the Python interpreter and import this module with the following " "command::" msgstr "" "Sekarang masukkan interpreter Python dan impor modul ini dengan perintah " "berikut::" msgid ">>> import fibo" msgstr "" msgid "" "This does not add the names of the functions defined in ``fibo`` directly " "to the current :term:`namespace` (see :ref:`tut-scopes` for more details); " "it only adds the module name ``fibo`` there. Using the module name you can " "access the functions::" msgstr "" msgid "" ">>> fibo.fib(1000)\n" "0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377 610 987\n" ">>> fibo.fib2(100)\n" "[0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89]\n" ">>> fibo.__name__\n" "'fibo'" msgstr "" msgid "" "If you intend to use a function often you can assign it to a local name::" msgstr "" "Jika Anda sering ingin menggunakan suatu fungsi, Anda dapat menetapkannya ke " "nama lokal::" msgid "" ">>> fib = fibo.fib\n" ">>> fib(500)\n" "0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377" msgstr "" msgid "More on Modules" msgstr "Lebih lanjut tentang Modul" msgid "" "A module can contain executable statements as well as function definitions. " "These statements are intended to initialize the module. They are executed " "only the *first* time the module name is encountered in an import statement. " "[#]_ (They are also run if the file is executed as a script.)" msgstr "" "Modul dapat berisi pernyataan yang dapat dieksekusi serta definisi fungsi. " "Pernyataan ini dimaksudkan untuk menginisialisasi modul. Mereka dieksekusi " "hanya *first* kali nama modul ditemui dalam pernyataan impor. [#]_ (Mereka " "juga dijalankan jika file dieksekusi sebagai skrip.)" msgid "" "Each module has its own private namespace, which is used as the global " "namespace by all functions defined in the module. Thus, the author of a " "module can use global variables in the module without worrying about " "accidental clashes with a user's global variables. On the other hand, if you " "know what you are doing you can touch a module's global variables with the " "same notation used to refer to its functions, ``modname.itemname``." msgstr "" msgid "" "Modules can import other modules. It is customary but not required to place " "all :keyword:`import` statements at the beginning of a module (or script, " "for that matter). The imported module names, if placed at the top level of " "a module (outside any functions or classes), are added to the module's " "global namespace." msgstr "" msgid "" "There is a variant of the :keyword:`import` statement that imports names " "from a module directly into the importing module's namespace. For example::" msgstr "" msgid "" ">>> from fibo import fib, fib2\n" ">>> fib(500)\n" "0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377" msgstr "" msgid "" "This does not introduce the module name from which the imports are taken in " "the local namespace (so in the example, ``fibo`` is not defined)." msgstr "" msgid "There is even a variant to import all names that a module defines::" msgstr "" "Bahkan ada varian untuk mengimpor semua nama yang didefinisikan oleh modul::" msgid "" ">>> from fibo import *\n" ">>> fib(500)\n" "0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377" msgstr "" msgid "" "This imports all names except those beginning with an underscore (``_``). In " "most cases Python programmers do not use this facility since it introduces " "an unknown set of names into the interpreter, possibly hiding some things " "you have already defined." msgstr "" "Ini mengimpor semua nama kecuali yang dimulai dengan garis bawah (``_``). " "Dalam kebanyakan kasus, programmer Python tidak menggunakan fasilitas ini " "karena ia memperkenalkan sekumpulan nama yang tidak diketahui ke dalam " "*interpreter*, mungkin menyembunyikan beberapa hal yang sudah Anda " "definisikan." msgid "" "Note that in general the practice of importing ``*`` from a module or " "package is frowned upon, since it often causes poorly readable code. " "However, it is okay to use it to save typing in interactive sessions." msgstr "" "Perhatikan bahwa secara umum praktik mengimpor ``*`` dari modul atau paket " "tidak disukai, karena sering menyebabkan kode yang kurang dapat dibaca. " "Namun, boleh saja menggunakannya untuk menghemat pengetikan di sesi " "interaktif." msgid "" "If the module name is followed by :keyword:`!as`, then the name following :" "keyword:`!as` is bound directly to the imported module." msgstr "" "Jika nama modul diikuti oleh :keyword:`!as`, maka nama setelah :keyword:`!" "as` terikat langsung ke modul yang diimpor." msgid "" ">>> import fibo as fib\n" ">>> fib.fib(500)\n" "0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377" msgstr "" msgid "" "This is effectively importing the module in the same way that ``import " "fibo`` will do, with the only difference of it being available as ``fib``." msgstr "" "Ini secara efektif mengimpor modul dengan cara yang sama dengan ``import " "fibo`` akan dilakukan, dengan satu-satunya perbedaan adalah sebagai ``fib``." msgid "" "It can also be used when utilising :keyword:`from` with similar effects::" msgstr "" "Itu juga dapat digunakan ketika menggunakan :keyword:`from` dengan efek yang " "sama::" msgid "" ">>> from fibo import fib as fibonacci\n" ">>> fibonacci(500)\n" "0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377" msgstr "" msgid "" "For efficiency reasons, each module is only imported once per interpreter " "session. Therefore, if you change your modules, you must restart the " "interpreter -- or, if it's just one module you want to test interactively, " "use :func:`importlib.reload`, e.g. ``import importlib; importlib." "reload(modulename)``." msgstr "" "Untuk alasan efisiensi, setiap modul hanya diimpor satu kali per sesi " "*interpreter*. Karenanya, jika Anda mengubah modul, Anda harus memulai ulang " "*interpreter* -- atau, jika hanya satu modul yang ingin Anda uji secara " "interaktif, gunakan :func:`importlib.reload`, mis. ``import importlib; " "importlib.reload(modulename)``." msgid "Executing modules as scripts" msgstr "Mengoperasikan modul sebagai skrip" msgid "When you run a Python module with ::" msgstr "Ketika Anda mengoperasikan modul Python dengan ::" msgid "python fibo.py " msgstr "" msgid "" "the code in the module will be executed, just as if you imported it, but " "with the ``__name__`` set to ``\"__main__\"``. That means that by adding " "this code at the end of your module::" msgstr "" "kode dalam modul akan dieksekusi, sama seperti jika Anda mengimpornya, " "tetapi dengan ``__name__`` diatur ke ``\"__main__\"``. Itu berarti bahwa " "dengan menambahkan kode ini di akhir modul Anda ::" msgid "" "if __name__ == \"__main__\":\n" " import sys\n" " fib(int(sys.argv[1]))" msgstr "" msgid "" "you can make the file usable as a script as well as an importable module, " "because the code that parses the command line only runs if the module is " "executed as the \"main\" file:" msgstr "" "Anda dapat membuat berkas dapat digunakan sebagai skrip dan juga modul yang " "dapat diimpor, karena kode yang mengurai *parsing* baris perintah hanya " "beroperasi jika modul dieksekusi sebagai berkas \"main\":" msgid "" "$ python fibo.py 50\n" "0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34" msgstr "" msgid "If the module is imported, the code is not run::" msgstr "Jika modul diimpor, kode ini tidak dioperasikan ::" msgid "" ">>> import fibo\n" ">>>" msgstr "" msgid "" "This is often used either to provide a convenient user interface to a " "module, or for testing purposes (running the module as a script executes a " "test suite)." msgstr "" "Ini sering digunakan baik untuk menyediakan antarmuka pengguna yang nyaman " "ke modul, atau untuk tujuan pengujian (menjalankan modul sebagai skrip " "mengeksekusi rangkaian pengujian)." msgid "The Module Search Path" msgstr "Jalur Pencarian Modul" msgid "" "When a module named :mod:`!spam` is imported, the interpreter first searches " "for a built-in module with that name. These module names are listed in :data:" "`sys.builtin_module_names`. If not found, it then searches for a file named :" "file:`spam.py` in a list of directories given by the variable :data:`sys." "path`. :data:`sys.path` is initialized from these locations:" msgstr "" msgid "" "The directory containing the input script (or the current directory when no " "file is specified)." msgstr "" "Direktori yang berisi skrip masukan (atau direktori saat ini ketika tidak " "ada file ditentukan)." msgid "" ":envvar:`PYTHONPATH` (a list of directory names, with the same syntax as the " "shell variable :envvar:`PATH`)." msgstr "" ":envvar:`PYTHONPATH` (daftar nama direktori, dengan sintaksis yang sama " "dengan variabel shell :envvar:`PATH`)." msgid "" "The installation-dependent default (by convention including a ``site-" "packages`` directory, handled by the :mod:`site` module)." msgstr "" msgid "More details are at :ref:`sys-path-init`." msgstr "" msgid "" "On file systems which support symlinks, the directory containing the input " "script is calculated after the symlink is followed. In other words the " "directory containing the symlink is **not** added to the module search path." msgstr "" "Pada sistem file yang mendukung symlink, direktori yang berisi skrip masukan " "dihitung setelah symlink diikuti. Dengan kata lain direktori yang berisi " "symlink **not** ditambahkan ke jalur pencarian modul." msgid "" "After initialization, Python programs can modify :data:`sys.path`. The " "directory containing the script being run is placed at the beginning of the " "search path, ahead of the standard library path. This means that scripts in " "that directory will be loaded instead of modules of the same name in the " "library directory. This is an error unless the replacement is intended. See " "section :ref:`tut-standardmodules` for more information." msgstr "" "Setelah inisialisasi, program Python dapat memodifikasi :data:`sys.path`. " "Direktori yang berisi skrip yang dijalankan ditempatkan di awal jalur " "pencarian, di depan jalur pustaka standar. Ini berarti bahwa skrip dalam " "direktori itu akan dimuat bukan modul dengan nama yang sama di direktori " "pustaka. Ini adalah kesalahan kecuali penggantian memang diharapkan. Lihat " "bagian :ref:`tut-standardmodules` untuk informasi lebih lanjut." msgid "\"Compiled\" Python files" msgstr "Berkas Python \"Compiled\"" msgid "" "To speed up loading modules, Python caches the compiled version of each " "module in the ``__pycache__`` directory under the name :file:`module." "{version}.pyc`, where the version encodes the format of the compiled file; " "it generally contains the Python version number. For example, in CPython " "release 3.3 the compiled version of spam.py would be cached as ``__pycache__/" "spam.cpython-33.pyc``. This naming convention allows compiled modules from " "different releases and different versions of Python to coexist." msgstr "" "Untuk mempercepat memuat modul, Python menyimpan *cache* versi terkompilasi " "dari setiap modul di direktori ``__pycache__`` dengan nama :file:`module." "{version}.pyc`, di mana versi menyandikan format berkas terkompilasi; " "umumnya berisi nomor versi Python. Misalnya, dalam rilis CPython 3.3 versi " "yang dikompilasi dari spam.py akan di-*cache* sebagai ``__pycache__/spam." "cpython-33.pyc``. Konvensi penamaan ini memungkinkan modul yang dikompilasi " "dari rilis yang beragam dan versi Python yang berbeda untuk hidup " "berdampingan." msgid "" "Python checks the modification date of the source against the compiled " "version to see if it's out of date and needs to be recompiled. This is a " "completely automatic process. Also, the compiled modules are platform-" "independent, so the same library can be shared among systems with different " "architectures." msgstr "" "Python memeriksa tanggal modifikasi sumber terhadap versi yang dikompilasi " "untuk melihat apakah itu kedaluwarsa dan perlu dikompilasi ulang. Ini adalah " "proses yang sepenuhnya otomatis. Juga, modul yang dikompilasi adalah " "platform-independen, sehingga perpustakaan yang sama dapat dibagi di antara " "sistem dengan arsitektur yang berbeda." msgid "" "Python does not check the cache in two circumstances. First, it always " "recompiles and does not store the result for the module that's loaded " "directly from the command line. Second, it does not check the cache if " "there is no source module. To support a non-source (compiled only) " "distribution, the compiled module must be in the source directory, and there " "must not be a source module." msgstr "" "Python tidak memeriksa *cache* dalam dua keadaan. Pertama, selalu " "mengkompilasi ulang dan tidak menyimpan hasil untuk modul yang dimuat " "langsung dari baris perintah. Kedua, itu tidak memeriksa *cache* jika tidak " "ada modul sumber. Untuk mendukung distribusi non-sumber (dikompilasi saja), " "modul yang dikompilasi harus ada di direktori sumber, dan tidak boleh ada " "modul sumber." msgid "Some tips for experts:" msgstr "Beberapa tips untuk para ahli:" msgid "" "You can use the :option:`-O` or :option:`-OO` switches on the Python command " "to reduce the size of a compiled module. The ``-O`` switch removes assert " "statements, the ``-OO`` switch removes both assert statements and __doc__ " "strings. Since some programs may rely on having these available, you should " "only use this option if you know what you're doing. \"Optimized\" modules " "have an ``opt-`` tag and are usually smaller. Future releases may change " "the effects of optimization." msgstr "" "Anda dapat menggunakan :option:`-O` atau :option:`-OO` mengaktifkan perintah " "Python untuk mengurangi ukuran modul yang dikompilasi. Saklar ``-O`` " "menghapus pernyataan tegas *assert*, saklar ``-OO`` menghapus pernyataan " "tegas *assert* dan string __doc__. Karena beberapa program bergantung pada " "ketersediaannya, Anda hanya boleh menggunakan opsi ini jika Anda tahu apa " "yang Anda lakukan. Modul \"Optimized\" memiliki tag ``opt-`` dan biasanya " "lebih kecil. Rilis di masa depan dapat mengubah efek pengoptimalan." msgid "" "A program doesn't run any faster when it is read from a ``.pyc`` file than " "when it is read from a ``.py`` file; the only thing that's faster about ``." "pyc`` files is the speed with which they are loaded." msgstr "" "Suatu program tidak berjalan lebih cepat ketika itu dibaca dari file ``." "pyc`` daripada ketika itu dibaca dari file ``.py``; satu-satunya hal yang " "lebih cepat tentang berkas ``.pyc`` adalah kecepatan memuatnya." msgid "" "The module :mod:`compileall` can create .pyc files for all modules in a " "directory." msgstr "" "Modul :mod:`compileall` dapat membuat berkas .pyc untuk semua modul dalam " "direktori." msgid "" "There is more detail on this process, including a flow chart of the " "decisions, in :pep:`3147`." msgstr "" "Ada detail lebih lanjut tentang proses ini, termasuk bagan alur keputusan, " "di :pep:`3147`." msgid "Standard Modules" msgstr "Modul Standar" msgid "" "Python comes with a library of standard modules, described in a separate " "document, the Python Library Reference (\"Library Reference\" hereafter). " "Some modules are built into the interpreter; these provide access to " "operations that are not part of the core of the language but are " "nevertheless built in, either for efficiency or to provide access to " "operating system primitives such as system calls. The set of such modules " "is a configuration option which also depends on the underlying platform. " "For example, the :mod:`winreg` module is only provided on Windows systems. " "One particular module deserves some attention: :mod:`sys`, which is built " "into every Python interpreter. The variables ``sys.ps1`` and ``sys.ps2`` " "define the strings used as primary and secondary prompts::" msgstr "" "Python dilengkapi dengan pustaka modul standar, yang dijelaskan dalam " "dokumen terpisah, Referensi Pustaka Python (\"Library Reference\" " "selanjutnya). Beberapa modul dibangun ke dalam interpreter; ini menyediakan " "akses ke operasi yang bukan bagian dari inti bahasa tetapi tetap dibangun, " "baik untuk efisiensi atau untuk menyediakan akses ke sistem operasi primitif " "seperti pemanggilan sistem. Himpunan modul tersebut adalah opsi konfigurasi " "yang juga tergantung pada platform yang mendasarinya. Sebagai contoh, modul :" "mod:`winreg` hanya disediakan pada sistem Windows. Satu modul tertentu patut " "mendapat perhatian: :mod:`sys`, yang dibangun ke dalam setiap interpreter " "Python. Variabel ``sys.ps1`` dan ``sys.ps2`` menentukan string yang " "digunakan sebagai prompt primer dan sekunder ::" msgid "" ">>> import sys\n" ">>> sys.ps1\n" "'>>> '\n" ">>> sys.ps2\n" "'... '\n" ">>> sys.ps1 = 'C> '\n" "C> print('Yuck!')\n" "Yuck!\n" "C>" msgstr "" msgid "" "These two variables are only defined if the interpreter is in interactive " "mode." msgstr "" "Kedua variabel ini hanya ditentukan jika interpreter dalam mode interaktif." msgid "" "The variable ``sys.path`` is a list of strings that determines the " "interpreter's search path for modules. It is initialized to a default path " "taken from the environment variable :envvar:`PYTHONPATH`, or from a built-in " "default if :envvar:`PYTHONPATH` is not set. You can modify it using " "standard list operations::" msgstr "" "Variabel ``sys.path`` adalah daftar string yang menentukan jalur pencarian " "*interpreter* untuk modul. Ini diinisialisasi ke jalur default yang diambil " "dari variabel lingkungan :envvar:`PYTHONPATH`, atau dari bawaan bawaan jika :" "envvar:`PYTHONPATH` tidak disetel. Anda dapat memodifikasinya menggunakan " "operasi standar untuk *list*::" msgid "" ">>> import sys\n" ">>> sys.path.append('/ufs/guido/lib/python')" msgstr "" msgid "The :func:`dir` Function" msgstr "Fungsi :func:`dir`" msgid "" "The built-in function :func:`dir` is used to find out which names a module " "defines. It returns a sorted list of strings::" msgstr "" "Fungsi bawaan :func:`dir` digunakan untuk mencari tahu nama-nama yang " "ditentukan oleh modul. Ia mengembalikan *list* string yang diurutkan::" msgid "" ">>> import fibo, sys\n" ">>> dir(fibo)\n" "['__name__', 'fib', 'fib2']\n" ">>> dir(sys)\n" "['__breakpointhook__', '__displayhook__', '__doc__', '__excepthook__',\n" " '__interactivehook__', '__loader__', '__name__', '__package__', " "'__spec__',\n" " '__stderr__', '__stdin__', '__stdout__', '__unraisablehook__',\n" " '_clear_type_cache', '_current_frames', '_debugmallocstats', '_framework',\n" " '_getframe', '_git', '_home', '_xoptions', 'abiflags', 'addaudithook',\n" " 'api_version', 'argv', 'audit', 'base_exec_prefix', 'base_prefix',\n" " 'breakpointhook', 'builtin_module_names', 'byteorder', 'call_tracing',\n" " 'callstats', 'copyright', 'displayhook', 'dont_write_bytecode', " "'exc_info',\n" " 'excepthook', 'exec_prefix', 'executable', 'exit', 'flags', 'float_info',\n" " 'float_repr_style', 'get_asyncgen_hooks', " "'get_coroutine_origin_tracking_depth',\n" " 'getallocatedblocks', 'getdefaultencoding', 'getdlopenflags',\n" " 'getfilesystemencodeerrors', 'getfilesystemencoding', 'getprofile',\n" " 'getrecursionlimit', 'getrefcount', 'getsizeof', 'getswitchinterval',\n" " 'gettrace', 'hash_info', 'hexversion', 'implementation', 'int_info',\n" " 'intern', 'is_finalizing', 'last_traceback', 'last_type', 'last_value',\n" " 'maxsize', 'maxunicode', 'meta_path', 'modules', 'path', 'path_hooks',\n" " 'path_importer_cache', 'platform', 'prefix', 'ps1', 'ps2', " "'pycache_prefix',\n" " 'set_asyncgen_hooks', 'set_coroutine_origin_tracking_depth', " "'setdlopenflags',\n" " 'setprofile', 'setrecursionlimit', 'setswitchinterval', 'settrace', " "'stderr',\n" " 'stdin', 'stdout', 'thread_info', 'unraisablehook', 'version', " "'version_info',\n" " 'warnoptions']" msgstr "" msgid "" "Without arguments, :func:`dir` lists the names you have defined currently::" msgstr "" "Tanpa argumen, :func:`dir` mencantumkan nama yang telah Anda tentukan saat " "ini::" msgid "" ">>> a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]\n" ">>> import fibo\n" ">>> fib = fibo.fib\n" ">>> dir()\n" "['__builtins__', '__name__', 'a', 'fib', 'fibo', 'sys']" msgstr "" msgid "" "Note that it lists all types of names: variables, modules, functions, etc." msgstr "" "Perhatikan bahwa ini mencantumkan semua jenis nama: variabel, modul, fungsi, " "dll." msgid "" ":func:`dir` does not list the names of built-in functions and variables. If " "you want a list of those, they are defined in the standard module :mod:" "`builtins`::" msgstr "" ":func:`dir` tidak mencantumkan nama fungsi dan variabel bawaan. Jika Anda " "ingin daftar itu, mereka didefinisikan dalam modul standar :mod:`builtins`::" msgid "" ">>> import builtins\n" ">>> dir(builtins)\n" "['ArithmeticError', 'AssertionError', 'AttributeError', 'BaseException',\n" " 'BlockingIOError', 'BrokenPipeError', 'BufferError', 'BytesWarning',\n" " 'ChildProcessError', 'ConnectionAbortedError', 'ConnectionError',\n" " 'ConnectionRefusedError', 'ConnectionResetError', 'DeprecationWarning',\n" " 'EOFError', 'Ellipsis', 'EnvironmentError', 'Exception', 'False',\n" " 'FileExistsError', 'FileNotFoundError', 'FloatingPointError',\n" " 'FutureWarning', 'GeneratorExit', 'IOError', 'ImportError',\n" " 'ImportWarning', 'IndentationError', 'IndexError', 'InterruptedError',\n" " 'IsADirectoryError', 'KeyError', 'KeyboardInterrupt', 'LookupError',\n" " 'MemoryError', 'NameError', 'None', 'NotADirectoryError', " "'NotImplemented',\n" " 'NotImplementedError', 'OSError', 'OverflowError',\n" " 'PendingDeprecationWarning', 'PermissionError', 'ProcessLookupError',\n" " 'ReferenceError', 'ResourceWarning', 'RuntimeError', 'RuntimeWarning',\n" " 'StopIteration', 'SyntaxError', 'SyntaxWarning', 'SystemError',\n" " 'SystemExit', 'TabError', 'TimeoutError', 'True', 'TypeError',\n" " 'UnboundLocalError', 'UnicodeDecodeError', 'UnicodeEncodeError',\n" " 'UnicodeError', 'UnicodeTranslateError', 'UnicodeWarning', 'UserWarning',\n" " 'ValueError', 'Warning', 'ZeroDivisionError', '_', '__build_class__',\n" " '__debug__', '__doc__', '__import__', '__name__', '__package__', 'abs',\n" " 'all', 'any', 'ascii', 'bin', 'bool', 'bytearray', 'bytes', 'callable',\n" " 'chr', 'classmethod', 'compile', 'complex', 'copyright', 'credits',\n" " 'delattr', 'dict', 'dir', 'divmod', 'enumerate', 'eval', 'exec', 'exit',\n" " 'filter', 'float', 'format', 'frozenset', 'getattr', 'globals', 'hasattr',\n" " 'hash', 'help', 'hex', 'id', 'input', 'int', 'isinstance', 'issubclass',\n" " 'iter', 'len', 'license', 'list', 'locals', 'map', 'max', 'memoryview',\n" " 'min', 'next', 'object', 'oct', 'open', 'ord', 'pow', 'print', 'property',\n" " 'quit', 'range', 'repr', 'reversed', 'round', 'set', 'setattr', 'slice',\n" " 'sorted', 'staticmethod', 'str', 'sum', 'super', 'tuple', 'type', 'vars',\n" " 'zip']" msgstr "" msgid "Packages" msgstr "Paket" msgid "" "Packages are a way of structuring Python's module namespace by using " "\"dotted module names\". For example, the module name :mod:`!A.B` " "designates a submodule named ``B`` in a package named ``A``. Just like the " "use of modules saves the authors of different modules from having to worry " "about each other's global variable names, the use of dotted module names " "saves the authors of multi-module packages like NumPy or Pillow from having " "to worry about each other's module names." msgstr "" msgid "" "Suppose you want to design a collection of modules (a \"package\") for the " "uniform handling of sound files and sound data. There are many different " "sound file formats (usually recognized by their extension, for example: :" "file:`.wav`, :file:`.aiff`, :file:`.au`), so you may need to create and " "maintain a growing collection of modules for the conversion between the " "various file formats. There are also many different operations you might " "want to perform on sound data (such as mixing, adding echo, applying an " "equalizer function, creating an artificial stereo effect), so in addition " "you will be writing a never-ending stream of modules to perform these " "operations. Here's a possible structure for your package (expressed in " "terms of a hierarchical filesystem):" msgstr "" "Misalkan Anda ingin merancang koleksi modul (\"paket\") untuk penanganan " "berkas suara dan data suara yang seragam. Ada banyak format berkas suara " "yang berbeda (biasanya dikenali oleh ekstensi mereka, misalnya: :file:`." "wav`, :file:`.aiff`, :file:`.au`), jadi Anda mungkin perlu membuat dan " "memelihara koleksi modul yang terus bertambah untuk konversi antara berbagai " "format file. Ada juga banyak operasi berbeda yang mungkin ingin Anda lakukan " "pada data suara (seperti mencampur, menambahkan gema, menerapkan fungsi " "equalizer, menciptakan efek stereo buatan), jadi selain itu Anda akan " "menulis aliran modul tanpa henti untuk melakukan operasi ini. Berikut adalah " "struktur yang mungkin untuk paket Anda (dinyatakan dalam hierarki sistem " "file):" msgid "" "sound/ Top-level package\n" " __init__.py Initialize the sound package\n" " formats/ Subpackage for file format conversions\n" " __init__.py\n" " wavread.py\n" " wavwrite.py\n" " aiffread.py\n" " aiffwrite.py\n" " auread.py\n" " auwrite.py\n" " ...\n" " effects/ Subpackage for sound effects\n" " __init__.py\n" " echo.py\n" " surround.py\n" " reverse.py\n" " ...\n" " filters/ Subpackage for filters\n" " __init__.py\n" " equalizer.py\n" " vocoder.py\n" " karaoke.py\n" " ..." msgstr "" msgid "" "When importing the package, Python searches through the directories on ``sys." "path`` looking for the package subdirectory." msgstr "" "Saat mengimpor paket, Python mencari melalui direktori pada ``sys.path`` " "mencari subdirektori paket." msgid "" "The :file:`__init__.py` files are required to make Python treat directories " "containing the file as packages (unless using a :term:`namespace package`, a " "relatively advanced feature). This prevents directories with a common name, " "such as ``string``, from unintentionally hiding valid modules that occur " "later on the module search path. In the simplest case, :file:`__init__.py` " "can just be an empty file, but it can also execute initialization code for " "the package or set the ``__all__`` variable, described later." msgstr "" msgid "" "Users of the package can import individual modules from the package, for " "example::" msgstr "Pengguna paket dapat mengimpor modul individual dari paket, misalnya::" msgid "import sound.effects.echo" msgstr "" msgid "" "This loads the submodule :mod:`!sound.effects.echo`. It must be referenced " "with its full name. ::" msgstr "" msgid "sound.effects.echo.echofilter(input, output, delay=0.7, atten=4)" msgstr "" msgid "An alternative way of importing the submodule is::" msgstr "Cara alternatif mengimpor submodule adalah::" msgid "from sound.effects import echo" msgstr "" msgid "" "This also loads the submodule :mod:`!echo`, and makes it available without " "its package prefix, so it can be used as follows::" msgstr "" msgid "echo.echofilter(input, output, delay=0.7, atten=4)" msgstr "" msgid "" "Yet another variation is to import the desired function or variable " "directly::" msgstr "" "Namun variasi lain adalah mengimpor fungsi atau variabel yang diinginkan " "secara langsung::" msgid "from sound.effects.echo import echofilter" msgstr "" msgid "" "Again, this loads the submodule :mod:`!echo`, but this makes its function :" "func:`!echofilter` directly available::" msgstr "" msgid "echofilter(input, output, delay=0.7, atten=4)" msgstr "" msgid "" "Note that when using ``from package import item``, the item can be either a " "submodule (or subpackage) of the package, or some other name defined in the " "package, like a function, class or variable. The ``import`` statement first " "tests whether the item is defined in the package; if not, it assumes it is a " "module and attempts to load it. If it fails to find it, an :exc:" "`ImportError` exception is raised." msgstr "" "Perhatikan bahwa ketika menggunakan ``from package import item``, item " "tersebut dapat berupa submodul (atau subpaket) dari paket, atau beberapa " "nama lain yang ditentukan dalam paket, seperti fungsi, kelas atau variabel. " "Pernyataan ``import`` pertama menguji apakah item tersebut didefinisikan " "dalam paket; jika tidak, ini dianggap sebagai modul dan mencoba memuatnya. " "Jika gagal menemukannya, pengecualian :exc:`ImportError` dimunculkan." msgid "" "Contrarily, when using syntax like ``import item.subitem.subsubitem``, each " "item except for the last must be a package; the last item can be a module or " "a package but can't be a class or function or variable defined in the " "previous item." msgstr "" "Sebaliknya, ketika menggunakan sintaksis seperti ``import item.subitem." "subsubitem``, setiap item kecuali yang terakhir harus berupa paket; item " "terakhir dapat berupa modul atau paket tetapi tidak bisa berupa kelas atau " "fungsi atau variabel yang didefinisikan dalam item sebelumnya." msgid "Importing \\* From a Package" msgstr "Mengimpor \\* Dari Paket" msgid "" "Now what happens when the user writes ``from sound.effects import *``? " "Ideally, one would hope that this somehow goes out to the filesystem, finds " "which submodules are present in the package, and imports them all. This " "could take a long time and importing sub-modules might have unwanted side-" "effects that should only happen when the sub-module is explicitly imported." msgstr "" "Sekarang apa yang terjadi ketika pengguna menulis ``from sound.effects " "import *``? Idealnya, orang akan berharap bahwa ini entah bagaimana keluar " "ke sistem file, menemukan submodul mana yang ada dalam paket, dan mengimpor " "semuanya. Ini bisa memakan waktu lama dan mengimpor submodul mungkin " "memiliki efek samping yang tidak diinginkan yang seharusnya hanya terjadi " "ketika submodul diimpor secara eksplisit." msgid "" "The only solution is for the package author to provide an explicit index of " "the package. The :keyword:`import` statement uses the following convention: " "if a package's :file:`__init__.py` code defines a list named ``__all__``, it " "is taken to be the list of module names that should be imported when ``from " "package import *`` is encountered. It is up to the package author to keep " "this list up-to-date when a new version of the package is released. Package " "authors may also decide not to support it, if they don't see a use for " "importing \\* from their package. For example, the file :file:`sound/" "effects/__init__.py` could contain the following code::" msgstr "" "Satu-satunya solusi adalah bagi pembuat paket untuk memberikan indeks paket " "secara eksplisit. Pernyataan :keyword:`import` menggunakan konvensi berikut: " "jika suatu paket punya kode :file:`__init__.py` yang mendefinisikan daftar " "bernama ``__all__``, itu diambil sebagai daftar nama modul yang harus " "diimpor ketika ``from package import *`` ditemukan. Terserah pembuat paket " "untuk tetap memperbarui daftar ini ketika versi baru dari paket dirilis. " "Pembuat paket juga dapat memutuskan untuk tidak mendukungnya, jika mereka " "tidak melihat penggunaan untuk mengimpor \\* dari paket mereka. Sebagai " "contoh, berkas :file:`sound/effects/__init__.py` dapat berisi kode berikut::" msgid "__all__ = [\"echo\", \"surround\", \"reverse\"]" msgstr "" msgid "" "This would mean that ``from sound.effects import *`` would import the three " "named submodules of the :mod:`!sound.effects` package." msgstr "" msgid "" "Be aware that submodules might become shadowed by locally defined names. For " "example, if you added a ``reverse`` function to the :file:`sound/effects/" "__init__.py` file, the ``from sound.effects import *`` would only import the " "two submodules ``echo`` and ``surround``, but *not* the ``reverse`` " "submodule, because it is shadowed by the locally defined ``reverse`` " "function::" msgstr "" msgid "" "__all__ = [\n" " \"echo\", # refers to the 'echo.py' file\n" " \"surround\", # refers to the 'surround.py' file\n" " \"reverse\", # !!! refers to the 'reverse' function now !!!\n" "]\n" "\n" "def reverse(msg: str): # <-- this name shadows the 'reverse.py' submodule\n" " return msg[::-1] # in the case of a 'from sound.effects import *'" msgstr "" msgid "" "If ``__all__`` is not defined, the statement ``from sound.effects import *`` " "does *not* import all submodules from the package :mod:`!sound.effects` into " "the current namespace; it only ensures that the package :mod:`!sound." "effects` has been imported (possibly running any initialization code in :" "file:`__init__.py`) and then imports whatever names are defined in the " "package. This includes any names defined (and submodules explicitly loaded) " "by :file:`__init__.py`. It also includes any submodules of the package that " "were explicitly loaded by previous :keyword:`import` statements. Consider " "this code::" msgstr "" msgid "" "import sound.effects.echo\n" "import sound.effects.surround\n" "from sound.effects import *" msgstr "" msgid "" "In this example, the :mod:`!echo` and :mod:`!surround` modules are imported " "in the current namespace because they are defined in the :mod:`!sound." "effects` package when the ``from...import`` statement is executed. (This " "also works when ``__all__`` is defined.)" msgstr "" msgid "" "Although certain modules are designed to export only names that follow " "certain patterns when you use ``import *``, it is still considered bad " "practice in production code." msgstr "" "Meskipun modul-modul tertentu dirancang hanya untuk mengekspor nama-nama " "yang mengikuti pola tertentu ketika Anda menggunakan ``import *``, itu masih " "dianggap praktik buruk dalam lingkungan kode produksi *production*." msgid "" "Remember, there is nothing wrong with using ``from package import " "specific_submodule``! In fact, this is the recommended notation unless the " "importing module needs to use submodules with the same name from different " "packages." msgstr "" "Ingat, tidak ada yang salah dengan menggunakan ``from package import " "specific_submodule``! Sebenarnya, ini adalah notasi yang disarankan kecuali " "modul impor perlu menggunakan submodul dengan nama yang sama dari paket yang " "berbeda." msgid "Intra-package References" msgstr "Referensi Intra-paket" msgid "" "When packages are structured into subpackages (as with the :mod:`!sound` " "package in the example), you can use absolute imports to refer to submodules " "of siblings packages. For example, if the module :mod:`!sound.filters." "vocoder` needs to use the :mod:`!echo` module in the :mod:`!sound.effects` " "package, it can use ``from sound.effects import echo``." msgstr "" msgid "" "You can also write relative imports, with the ``from module import name`` " "form of import statement. These imports use leading dots to indicate the " "current and parent packages involved in the relative import. From the :mod:" "`!surround` module for example, you might use::" msgstr "" msgid "" "from . import echo\n" "from .. import formats\n" "from ..filters import equalizer" msgstr "" msgid "" "Note that relative imports are based on the name of the current module's " "package. Since the main module does not have a package, modules intended for " "use as the main module of a Python application must always use absolute " "imports." msgstr "" msgid "Packages in Multiple Directories" msgstr "Paket di Beberapa Direktori" msgid "" "Packages support one more special attribute, :attr:`~module.__path__`. This " "is initialized to be a :term:`sequence` of strings containing the name of " "the directory holding the package's :file:`__init__.py` before the code in " "that file is executed. This variable can be modified; doing so affects " "future searches for modules and subpackages contained in the package." msgstr "" msgid "" "While this feature is not often needed, it can be used to extend the set of " "modules found in a package." msgstr "" "Meskipun fitur ini tidak sering dibutuhkan, fitur ini dapat digunakan untuk " "memperluas rangkaian modul yang ditemukan dalam suatu paket." msgid "Footnotes" msgstr "Catatan kaki" msgid "" "In fact function definitions are also 'statements' that are 'executed'; the " "execution of a module-level function definition adds the function name to " "the module's global namespace." msgstr "" msgid "module" msgstr "modul" msgid "search" msgstr "" msgid "path" msgstr "" msgid "sys" msgstr "sys" msgid "builtins" msgstr "builtins" msgid "__all__" msgstr "__all__"