postgis_test.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
import atexit
import os
import sys
import threading
from subprocess import PIPE, Popen

from nose.tools import eq_, raises

import mapnik

from .utilities import execution_path, run_all

PYTHON3 = sys.version_info[0] == 3
if PYTHON3:
    long = int


MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME = 'mapnik-tmp-postgis-test-db'
POSTGIS_TEMPLATE_DBNAME = 'template_postgis'
SHAPEFILE = os.path.join(execution_path('.'), '../data/shp/world_merc.shp')


def setup():
    # All of the paths used are relative, if we run the tests
    # from another directory we need to chdir()
    os.chdir(execution_path('.'))


def call(cmd, silent=False):
    stdin, stderr = Popen(cmd, shell=True, stdout=PIPE,
                          stderr=PIPE).communicate()
    if not stderr:
        return stdin.strip()
    msg = str(stderr).lower()
    if not silent and 'error' in msg\
       or 'not found' in msg or 'not recognized as an internal' in msg\
       or 'bad connection' in msg or 'could not connect' in msg:
        raise RuntimeError(msg.strip())


def psql_can_connect():
    """Test ability to connect to a postgis template db with no options.

    Basically, to run these tests your user must have full read
    access over unix sockets without supplying a password. This
    keeps these tests simple and focused on postgis not on postgres
    auth issues.
    """
    try:
        call('psql %s -c "select postgis_version()"' % POSTGIS_TEMPLATE_DBNAME)
        return True
    except RuntimeError:
        print('Notice: skipping postgis tests (connection)')
        return False


def shp2pgsql_on_path():
    """Test for presence of shp2pgsql on the user path.

    We require this program to load test data into a temporarily database.
    """
    try:
        call('shp2pgsql')
        return True
    except RuntimeError:
        print('Notice: skipping postgis tests (shp2pgsql)')
        return False


def createdb_and_dropdb_on_path():
    """Test for presence of dropdb/createdb on user path.

    We require these programs to setup and teardown the testing db.
    """
    try:
        call('createdb --help')
        call('dropdb --help')
        return True
    except RuntimeError:
        print('Notice: skipping postgis tests (createdb/dropdb)')
        return False

insert_table_1 = """
CREATE TABLE test(gid serial PRIMARY KEY, geom geometry);
INSERT INTO test(geom) values (GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINT(0 0)'));
INSERT INTO test(geom) values (GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINT(-2 2)'));
INSERT INTO test(geom) values (GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;MULTIPOINT(2 1,1 2)'));
INSERT INTO test(geom) values (GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;LINESTRING(0 0,1 1,1 2)'));
INSERT INTO test(geom) values (GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;MULTILINESTRING((1 0,0 1,3 2),(3 2,5 4))'));
INSERT INTO test(geom) values (GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POLYGON((0 0,4 0,4 4,0 4,0 0),(1 1, 2 1, 2 2, 1 2,1 1))'));
INSERT INTO test(geom) values (GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;MULTIPOLYGON(((1 1,3 1,3 3,1 3,1 1),(1 1,2 1,2 2,1 2,1 1)), ((-1 -1,-1 -2,-2 -2,-2 -1,-1 -1)))'));
INSERT INTO test(geom) values (GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((1 1, 2 1, 2 2, 1 2,1 1)),POINT(2 3),LINESTRING(2 3,3 4))'));
"""

insert_table_2 = """
CREATE TABLE test2(manual_id int4 PRIMARY KEY, geom geometry);
INSERT INTO test2(manual_id, geom) values (0, GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINT(0 0)'));
INSERT INTO test2(manual_id, geom) values (1, GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINT(0 0)'));
INSERT INTO test2(manual_id, geom) values (1000, GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINT(0 0)'));
INSERT INTO test2(manual_id, geom) values (-1000, GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINT(0 0)'));
INSERT INTO test2(manual_id, geom) values (2147483647, GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINT(0 0)'));
INSERT INTO test2(manual_id, geom) values (-2147483648, GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINT(0 0)'));
"""

insert_table_3 = """
CREATE TABLE test3(non_id bigint, manual_id int4, geom geometry);
INSERT INTO test3(non_id, manual_id, geom) values (9223372036854775807, 0, GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINT(0 0)'));
INSERT INTO test3(non_id, manual_id, geom) values (9223372036854775807, 1, GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINT(0 0)'));
INSERT INTO test3(non_id, manual_id, geom) values (9223372036854775807, 1000, GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINT(0 0)'));
INSERT INTO test3(non_id, manual_id, geom) values (9223372036854775807, -1000, GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINT(0 0)'));
INSERT INTO test3(non_id, manual_id, geom) values (9223372036854775807, 2147483647, GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINT(0 0)'));
INSERT INTO test3(non_id, manual_id, geom) values (9223372036854775807, -2147483648, GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINT(0 0)'));
"""

insert_table_4 = """
CREATE TABLE test4(non_id int4, manual_id int8 PRIMARY KEY, geom geometry);
INSERT INTO test4(non_id, manual_id, geom) values (0, 0, GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINT(0 0)'));
INSERT INTO test4(non_id, manual_id, geom) values (0, 1, GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINT(0 0)'));
INSERT INTO test4(non_id, manual_id, geom) values (0, 1000, GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINT(0 0)'));
INSERT INTO test4(non_id, manual_id, geom) values (0, -1000, GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINT(0 0)'));
INSERT INTO test4(non_id, manual_id, geom) values (0, 2147483647, GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINT(0 0)'));
INSERT INTO test4(non_id, manual_id, geom) values (0, -2147483648, GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINT(0 0)'));
"""

insert_table_5 = """
CREATE TABLE test5(non_id int4, manual_id numeric PRIMARY KEY, geom geometry);
INSERT INTO test5(non_id, manual_id, geom) values (0, -1, GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINT(0 0)'));
INSERT INTO test5(non_id, manual_id, geom) values (0, 1, GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINT(0 0)'));
"""

insert_table_5b = '''
CREATE TABLE "tableWithMixedCase"(gid serial PRIMARY KEY, geom geometry);
INSERT INTO "tableWithMixedCase"(geom) values (ST_MakePoint(0,0));
INSERT INTO "tableWithMixedCase"(geom) values (ST_MakePoint(0,1));
INSERT INTO "tableWithMixedCase"(geom) values (ST_MakePoint(1,0));
INSERT INTO "tableWithMixedCase"(geom) values (ST_MakePoint(1,1));
'''

insert_table_6 = '''
CREATE TABLE test6(first_id int4, second_id int4,PRIMARY KEY (first_id,second_id), geom geometry);
INSERT INTO test6(first_id, second_id, geom) values (0, 0, GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINT(0 0)'));
'''

insert_table_7 = '''
CREATE TABLE test7(gid serial PRIMARY KEY, geom geometry);
INSERT INTO test7(gid, geom) values (1, GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(MULTILINESTRING((10 10,20 20,10 40),(40 40,30 30,40 20,30 10)),LINESTRING EMPTY)'));
'''

insert_table_8 = '''
CREATE TABLE test8(gid serial PRIMARY KEY,int_field bigint, geom geometry);
INSERT INTO test8(gid, int_field, geom) values (1, 2147483648, ST_MakePoint(1,1));
INSERT INTO test8(gid, int_field, geom) values (2, 922337203685477580, ST_MakePoint(1,1));
'''

insert_table_9 = '''
CREATE TABLE test9(gid serial PRIMARY KEY, name varchar, geom geometry);
INSERT INTO test9(gid, name, geom) values (1, 'name', ST_MakePoint(1,1));
INSERT INTO test9(gid, name, geom) values (2, '', ST_MakePoint(1,1));
INSERT INTO test9(gid, name, geom) values (3, null, ST_MakePoint(1,1));
'''

insert_table_10 = '''
CREATE TABLE test10(gid serial PRIMARY KEY, bool_field boolean, geom geometry);
INSERT INTO test10(gid, bool_field, geom) values (1, TRUE, ST_MakePoint(1,1));
INSERT INTO test10(gid, bool_field, geom) values (2, FALSE, ST_MakePoint(1,1));
INSERT INTO test10(gid, bool_field, geom) values (3, null, ST_MakePoint(1,1));
'''

insert_table_11 = """
CREATE TABLE test11(gid serial PRIMARY KEY, label varchar(40), geom geometry);
INSERT INTO test11(label,geom) values ('label_1',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINT(0 0)'));
INSERT INTO test11(label,geom) values ('label_2',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINT(-2 2)'));
INSERT INTO test11(label,geom) values ('label_3',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;MULTIPOINT(2 1,1 2)'));
INSERT INTO test11(label,geom) values ('label_4',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;LINESTRING(0 0,1 1,1 2)'));
INSERT INTO test11(label,geom) values ('label_5',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;MULTILINESTRING((1 0,0 1,3 2),(3 2,5 4))'));
INSERT INTO test11(label,geom) values ('label_6',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POLYGON((0 0,4 0,4 4,0 4,0 0),(1 1, 2 1, 2 2, 1 2,1 1))'));
INSERT INTO test11(label,geom) values ('label_7',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;MULTIPOLYGON(((1 1,3 1,3 3,1 3,1 1),(1 1,2 1,2 2,1 2,1 1)), ((-1 -1,-1 -2,-2 -2,-2 -1,-1 -1)))'));
INSERT INTO test11(label,geom) values ('label_8',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(POLYGON((1 1, 2 1, 2 2, 1 2,1 1)),POINT(2 3),LINESTRING(2 3,3 4))'));
"""

insert_table_12 = """
CREATE TABLE test12(gid serial PRIMARY KEY, name varchar(40), geom geometry);
INSERT INTO test12(name,geom) values ('Point',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINT(0 0)'));
INSERT INTO test12(name,geom) values ('PointZ',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINTZ(0 0 0)'));
INSERT INTO test12(name,geom) values ('PointM',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINTM(0 0 0)'));
INSERT INTO test12(name,geom) values ('PointZM',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINTZM(0 0 0 0)'));
INSERT INTO test12(name,geom) values ('MultiPoint',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;MULTIPOINT(0 0, 1 1)'));
INSERT INTO test12(name,geom) values ('MultiPointZ',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;MULTIPOINTZ(0 0 0, 1 1 1)'));
INSERT INTO test12(name,geom) values ('MultiPointM',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;MULTIPOINTM(0 0 0, 1 1 1)'));
INSERT INTO test12(name,geom) values ('MultiPointZM',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;MULTIPOINTZM(0 0 0 0, 1 1 1 1)'));
INSERT INTO test12(name,geom) values ('LineString',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;LINESTRING(0 0, 1 1)'));
INSERT INTO test12(name,geom) values ('LineStringZ',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;LINESTRINGZ(0 0 0, 1 1 1)'));
INSERT INTO test12(name,geom) values ('LineStringM',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;LINESTRINGM(0 0 0, 1 1 1)'));
INSERT INTO test12(name,geom) values ('LineStringZM',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;LINESTRINGZM(0 0 0 0, 1 1 1 1)'));
INSERT INTO test12(name,geom) values ('Polygon',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POLYGON((0 0, 1 1, 2 2, 0 0))'));
INSERT INTO test12(name,geom) values ('PolygonZ',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POLYGONZ((0 0 0, 1 1 1, 2 2 2, 0 0 0))'));
INSERT INTO test12(name,geom) values ('PolygonM',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POLYGONZ((0 0 0, 1 1 1, 2 2 2, 0 0 0))'));
INSERT INTO test12(name,geom) values ('PolygonZM',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POLYGONZM((0 0 0 0, 1 1 1 1, 2 2 2 2, 0 0 0 0))'));
INSERT INTO test12(name,geom) values ('MultiLineString',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;MULTILINESTRING((0 0, 1 1),(2 2, 3 3))'));
INSERT INTO test12(name,geom) values ('MultiLineStringZ',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;MULTILINESTRINGZ((0 0 0, 1 1 1),(2 2 2, 3 3 3))'));
INSERT INTO test12(name,geom) values ('MultiLineStringM',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;MULTILINESTRINGM((0 0 0, 1 1 1),(2 2 2, 3 3 3))'));
INSERT INTO test12(name,geom) values ('MultiLineStringZM',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;MULTILINESTRINGZM((0 0 0 0, 1 1 1 1),(2 2 2 2, 3 3 3 3))'));
INSERT INTO test12(name,geom) values ('MultiPolygon',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;MULTIPOLYGON(((0 0, 1 1, 2 2, 0 0)),((0 0, 1 1, 2 2, 0 0)))'));
INSERT INTO test12(name,geom) values ('MultiPolygonZ',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;MULTIPOLYGONZ(((0 0 0, 1 1 1, 2 2 2, 0 0 0)),((0 0 0, 1 1 1, 2 2 2, 0 0 0)))'));
INSERT INTO test12(name,geom) values ('MultiPolygonM',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;MULTIPOLYGONM(((0 0 0, 1 1 1, 2 2 2, 0 0 0)),((0 0 0, 1 1 1, 2 2 2, 0 0 0)))'));
INSERT INTO test12(name,geom) values ('MultiPolygonZM',GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;MULTIPOLYGONZM(((0 0 0 0, 1 1 1 1, 2 2 2 2, 0 0 0 0)),((0 0 0 0, 1 1 1 1, 2 2 2 2, 0 0 0 0)))'));
"""


def postgis_setup():
    call('dropdb %s' % MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, silent=True)
    call(
        'createdb -T %s %s' %
        (POSTGIS_TEMPLATE_DBNAME,
         MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME),
        silent=False)
    call('shp2pgsql -s 3857 -g geom -W LATIN1 %s world_merc | psql -q %s' %
         (SHAPEFILE, MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME), silent=True)
    call(
        '''psql -q %s -c "CREATE TABLE \"empty\" (key serial);SELECT AddGeometryColumn('','empty','geom','-1','GEOMETRY',4);"''' %
        MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME,
        silent=False)
    call(
        '''psql -q %s -c "%s"''' %
        (MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME,
         insert_table_1),
        silent=False)
    call(
        '''psql -q %s -c "%s"''' %
        (MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME,
         insert_table_2),
        silent=False)
    call(
        '''psql -q %s -c "%s"''' %
        (MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME,
         insert_table_3),
        silent=False)
    call(
        '''psql -q %s -c "%s"''' %
        (MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME,
         insert_table_4),
        silent=False)
    call(
        '''psql -q %s -c "%s"''' %
        (MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME,
         insert_table_5),
        silent=False)
    call(
        """psql -q %s -c '%s'""" %
        (MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME,
         insert_table_5b),
        silent=False)
    call(
        '''psql -q %s -c "%s"''' %
        (MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME,
         insert_table_6),
        silent=False)
    call(
        '''psql -q %s -c "%s"''' %
        (MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME,
         insert_table_7),
        silent=False)
    call(
        '''psql -q %s -c "%s"''' %
        (MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME,
         insert_table_8),
        silent=False)
    call(
        '''psql -q %s -c "%s"''' %
        (MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME,
         insert_table_9),
        silent=False)
    call(
        '''psql -q %s -c "%s"''' %
        (MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME,
         insert_table_10),
        silent=False)
    call(
        '''psql -q %s -c "%s"''' %
        (MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME,
         insert_table_11),
        silent=False)
    call(
        '''psql -q %s -c "%s"''' %
        (MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME,
         insert_table_12),
        silent=False)


def postgis_takedown():
    pass
    # fails as the db is in use: https://github.com/mapnik/mapnik/issues/960
    #call('dropdb %s' % MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME)

if 'postgis' in mapnik.DatasourceCache.plugin_names() \
        and createdb_and_dropdb_on_path() \
        and psql_can_connect() \
        and shp2pgsql_on_path():

    # initialize test database
    postgis_setup()

    def test_feature():
        ds = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, table='world_merc')
        fs = ds.featureset()
        feature = fs.next()
        eq_(feature['gid'], 1)
        eq_(feature['fips'], u'AC')
        eq_(feature['iso2'], u'AG')
        eq_(feature['iso3'], u'ATG')
        eq_(feature['un'], 28)
        eq_(feature['name'], u'Antigua and Barbuda')
        eq_(feature['area'], 44)
        eq_(feature['pop2005'], 83039)
        eq_(feature['region'], 19)
        eq_(feature['subregion'], 29)
        eq_(feature['lon'], -61.783)
        eq_(feature['lat'], 17.078)
        meta = ds.describe()
        eq_(meta['srid'], 3857)
        eq_(meta.get('key_field'), None)
        eq_(meta['encoding'], u'UTF8')
        eq_(meta['geometry_type'], mapnik.DataGeometryType.Polygon)

    def test_subquery():
        ds = mapnik.PostGIS(
            dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME,
            table='(select * from world_merc) as w')
        fs = ds.featureset()
        feature = fs.next()
        eq_(feature['gid'], 1)
        eq_(feature['fips'], u'AC')
        eq_(feature['iso2'], u'AG')
        eq_(feature['iso3'], u'ATG')
        eq_(feature['un'], 28)
        eq_(feature['name'], u'Antigua and Barbuda')
        eq_(feature['area'], 44)
        eq_(feature['pop2005'], 83039)
        eq_(feature['region'], 19)
        eq_(feature['subregion'], 29)
        eq_(feature['lon'], -61.783)
        eq_(feature['lat'], 17.078)
        meta = ds.describe()
        eq_(meta['srid'], 3857)
        eq_(meta.get('key_field'), None)
        eq_(meta['encoding'], u'UTF8')
        eq_(meta['geometry_type'], mapnik.DataGeometryType.Polygon)

        ds = mapnik.PostGIS(
            dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME,
            table='(select gid,geom,fips as _fips from world_merc) as w')
        fs = ds.featureset()
        feature = fs.next()
        eq_(feature['gid'], 1)
        eq_(feature['_fips'], u'AC')
        eq_(len(feature), 2)
        meta = ds.describe()
        eq_(meta['srid'], 3857)
        eq_(meta.get('key_field'), None)
        eq_(meta['encoding'], u'UTF8')
        eq_(meta['geometry_type'], mapnik.DataGeometryType.Polygon)

    def test_bad_connection():
        try:
            ds = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME,
                                table='test',
                                max_size=20,
                                geometry_field='geom',
                                user="rolethatdoesnotexist")
        except Exception as e:
            assert 'role "rolethatdoesnotexist" does not exist' in str(e) or \
                'authentication failed for user "rolethatdoesnotexist"' in str(e)

    def test_empty_db():
        ds = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, table='empty')
        fs = ds.featureset()
        feature = None
        try:
            feature = fs.next()
        except StopIteration:
            pass
        eq_(feature, None)
        meta = ds.describe()
        eq_(meta['srid'], -1)
        eq_(meta.get('key_field'), None)
        eq_(meta['encoding'], u'UTF8')
        eq_(meta['geometry_type'], None)

    def test_manual_srid():
        ds = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, srid=99, table='empty')
        fs = ds.featureset()
        feature = None
        try:
            feature = fs.next()
        except StopIteration:
            pass
        eq_(feature, None)
        meta = ds.describe()
        eq_(meta['srid'], 99)
        eq_(meta.get('key_field'), None)
        eq_(meta['encoding'], u'UTF8')
        eq_(meta['geometry_type'], None)

    def test_geometry_detection():
        ds = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, table='test',
                            geometry_field='geom')
        meta = ds.describe()
        eq_(meta['srid'], 4326)
        eq_(meta.get('key_field'), None)
        eq_(meta['geometry_type'], mapnik.DataGeometryType.Collection)

        # will fail with postgis 2.0 because it automatically adds a geometry_columns entry
        # ds = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME,table='test',
        #                   geometry_field='geom',
        #                    row_limit=1)
        # eq_(ds.describe()['geometry_type'],mapnik.DataGeometryType.Point)

    @raises(RuntimeError)
    def test_that_nonexistant_query_field_throws(**kwargs):
        ds = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, table='empty')
        eq_(len(ds.fields()), 1)
        eq_(ds.fields(), ['key'])
        eq_(ds.field_types(), ['int'])
        query = mapnik.Query(ds.envelope())
        for fld in ds.fields():
            query.add_property_name(fld)
        # also add an invalid one, triggering throw
        query.add_property_name('bogus')
        ds.features(query)

    def test_auto_detection_of_unique_feature_id_32_bit():
        ds = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, table='test2',
                            geometry_field='geom',
                            autodetect_key_field=True)
        fs = ds.featureset()
        f = fs.next()
        eq_(len(ds.fields()),len(f.attributes))
        eq_(f['manual_id'], 0)
        eq_(fs.next()['manual_id'], 1)
        eq_(fs.next()['manual_id'], 1000)
        eq_(fs.next()['manual_id'], -1000)
        eq_(fs.next()['manual_id'], 2147483647)
        eq_(fs.next()['manual_id'], -2147483648)

        fs = ds.featureset()
        eq_(fs.next().id(), 0)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), 1)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), 1000)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), -1000)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), 2147483647)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), -2147483648)
        meta = ds.describe()
        eq_(meta['srid'], 4326)
        eq_(meta.get('key_field'), u'manual_id')
        eq_(meta['geometry_type'], mapnik.DataGeometryType.Point)

    def test_auto_detection_of_unique_feature_id_32_bit_no_attribute():
        ds = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, table='test2',
                            geometry_field='geom',
                            autodetect_key_field=True,
                            key_field_as_attribute=False)
        fs = ds.featureset()
        f = fs.next()
        eq_(len(ds.fields()),len(f.attributes))
        eq_(len(ds.fields()),0)
        eq_(len(f.attributes),0)
        eq_(f.id(), 0)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), 1)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), 1000)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), -1000)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), 2147483647)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), -2147483648)
        meta = ds.describe()
        eq_(meta['srid'], 4326)
        eq_(meta.get('key_field'), u'manual_id')
        eq_(meta['geometry_type'], mapnik.DataGeometryType.Point)

    def test_auto_detection_will_fail_since_no_primary_key():
        ds = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, table='test3',
                            geometry_field='geom',
                            autodetect_key_field=False)
        fs = ds.featureset()
        feat = fs.next()
        eq_(feat['manual_id'], 0)
        eq_(feat['non_id'],9223372036854775807)
        eq_(fs.next()['manual_id'], 1)
        eq_(fs.next()['manual_id'], 1000)
        eq_(fs.next()['manual_id'], -1000)
        eq_(fs.next()['manual_id'], 2147483647)
        eq_(fs.next()['manual_id'], -2147483648)

        # since no valid primary key will be detected the fallback
        # is auto-incrementing counter
        fs = ds.featureset()
        eq_(fs.next().id(), 1)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), 2)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), 3)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), 4)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), 5)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), 6)

        meta = ds.describe()
        eq_(meta['srid'], 4326)
        eq_(meta.get('key_field'), None)
        eq_(meta['geometry_type'], mapnik.DataGeometryType.Point)

    @raises(RuntimeError)
    def test_auto_detection_will_fail_and_should_throw():
        ds = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, table='test3',
                            geometry_field='geom',
                            autodetect_key_field=True)
        ds.featureset()

    def test_auto_detection_of_unique_feature_id_64_bit():
        ds = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, table='test4',
                            geometry_field='geom',
                            autodetect_key_field=True)
        fs = ds.featureset()
        f = fs.next()
        eq_(len(ds.fields()),len(f.attributes))
        eq_(f['manual_id'], 0)
        eq_(fs.next()['manual_id'], 1)
        eq_(fs.next()['manual_id'], 1000)
        eq_(fs.next()['manual_id'], -1000)
        eq_(fs.next()['manual_id'], 2147483647)
        eq_(fs.next()['manual_id'], -2147483648)

        fs = ds.featureset()
        eq_(fs.next().id(), 0)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), 1)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), 1000)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), -1000)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), 2147483647)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), -2147483648)

        meta = ds.describe()
        eq_(meta['srid'], 4326)
        eq_(meta.get('key_field'), u'manual_id')
        eq_(meta['geometry_type'], mapnik.DataGeometryType.Point)

    def test_disabled_auto_detection_and_subquery():
        ds = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, table='''(select geom, 'a'::varchar as name from test2) as t''',
                            geometry_field='geom',
                            autodetect_key_field=False)
        fs = ds.featureset()
        feat = fs.next()
        eq_(feat.id(), 1)
        eq_(feat['name'], 'a')
        feat = fs.next()
        eq_(feat.id(), 2)
        eq_(feat['name'], 'a')
        feat = fs.next()
        eq_(feat.id(), 3)
        eq_(feat['name'], 'a')
        feat = fs.next()
        eq_(feat.id(), 4)
        eq_(feat['name'], 'a')
        feat = fs.next()
        eq_(feat.id(), 5)
        eq_(feat['name'], 'a')
        feat = fs.next()
        eq_(feat.id(), 6)
        eq_(feat['name'], 'a')

        meta = ds.describe()
        eq_(meta['srid'], 4326)
        eq_(meta.get('key_field'), None)
        eq_(meta['geometry_type'], mapnik.DataGeometryType.Point)

    def test_auto_detection_and_subquery_including_key():
        ds = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, table='''(select geom, manual_id from test2) as t''',
                            geometry_field='geom',
                            autodetect_key_field=True)
        fs = ds.featureset()
        f = fs.next()
        eq_(len(ds.fields()),len(f.attributes))
        eq_(f['manual_id'], 0)
        eq_(fs.next()['manual_id'], 1)
        eq_(fs.next()['manual_id'], 1000)
        eq_(fs.next()['manual_id'], -1000)
        eq_(fs.next()['manual_id'], 2147483647)
        eq_(fs.next()['manual_id'], -2147483648)

        fs = ds.featureset()
        eq_(fs.next().id(), 0)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), 1)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), 1000)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), -1000)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), 2147483647)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), -2147483648)

        meta = ds.describe()
        eq_(meta['srid'], 4326)
        eq_(meta.get('key_field'), u'manual_id')
        eq_(meta['geometry_type'], mapnik.DataGeometryType.Point)

    @raises(RuntimeError)
    def test_auto_detection_of_invalid_numeric_primary_key():
        mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, table='''(select geom, manual_id::numeric from test2) as t''',
                       geometry_field='geom',
                       autodetect_key_field=True)

    @raises(RuntimeError)
    def test_auto_detection_of_invalid_multiple_keys():
        mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, table='''test6''',
                       geometry_field='geom',
                       autodetect_key_field=True)

    @raises(RuntimeError)
    def test_auto_detection_of_invalid_multiple_keys_subquery():
        mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, table='''(select first_id,second_id,geom from test6) as t''',
                       geometry_field='geom',
                       autodetect_key_field=True)

    def test_manually_specified_feature_id_field():
        ds = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, table='test4',
                            geometry_field='geom',
                            key_field='manual_id',
                            autodetect_key_field=True)
        fs = ds.featureset()
        f = fs.next()
        eq_(len(ds.fields()),len(f.attributes))
        eq_(f['manual_id'], 0)
        eq_(fs.next()['manual_id'], 1)
        eq_(fs.next()['manual_id'], 1000)
        eq_(fs.next()['manual_id'], -1000)
        eq_(fs.next()['manual_id'], 2147483647)
        eq_(fs.next()['manual_id'], -2147483648)

        fs = ds.featureset()
        eq_(fs.next().id(), 0)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), 1)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), 1000)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), -1000)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), 2147483647)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), -2147483648)

        meta = ds.describe()
        eq_(meta['srid'], 4326)
        eq_(meta.get('key_field'), u'manual_id')
        eq_(meta['geometry_type'], mapnik.DataGeometryType.Point)

    def test_numeric_type_feature_id_field():
        ds = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, table='test5',
                            geometry_field='geom',
                            autodetect_key_field=False)
        fs = ds.featureset()
        eq_(fs.next()['manual_id'], -1)
        eq_(fs.next()['manual_id'], 1)

        fs = ds.featureset()
        eq_(fs.next().id(), 1)
        eq_(fs.next().id(), 2)

        meta = ds.describe()
        eq_(meta['srid'], 4326)
        eq_(meta.get('key_field'), None)
        eq_(meta['geometry_type'], mapnik.DataGeometryType.Point)

    def test_querying_table_with_mixed_case():
        ds = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, table='"tableWithMixedCase"',
                            geometry_field='geom',
                            autodetect_key_field=True)
        fs = ds.featureset()
        for id in range(1, 5):
            eq_(fs.next().id(), id)

        meta = ds.describe()
        eq_(meta['srid'], -1)
        eq_(meta.get('key_field'), u'gid')
        eq_(meta['geometry_type'], mapnik.DataGeometryType.Point)

    def test_querying_subquery_with_mixed_case():
        ds = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, table='(SeLeCt * FrOm "tableWithMixedCase") as MixedCaseQuery',
                            geometry_field='geom',
                            autodetect_key_field=True)
        fs = ds.featureset()
        for id in range(1, 5):
            eq_(fs.next().id(), id)

        meta = ds.describe()
        eq_(meta['srid'], -1)
        eq_(meta.get('key_field'), u'gid')
        eq_(meta['geometry_type'], mapnik.DataGeometryType.Point)

    def test_bbox_token_in_subquery1():
        ds = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, table='''
           (SeLeCt * FrOm "tableWithMixedCase" where geom && !bbox! ) as MixedCaseQuery''',
                            geometry_field='geom',
                            autodetect_key_field=True)
        fs = ds.featureset()
        for id in range(1, 5):
            eq_(fs.next().id(), id)

        meta = ds.describe()
        eq_(meta['srid'], -1)
        eq_(meta.get('key_field'), u'gid')
        eq_(meta['geometry_type'], mapnik.DataGeometryType.Point)

    def test_bbox_token_in_subquery2():
        ds = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, table='''
           (SeLeCt * FrOm "tableWithMixedCase" where ST_Intersects(geom,!bbox!) ) as MixedCaseQuery''',
                            geometry_field='geom',
                            autodetect_key_field=True)
        fs = ds.featureset()
        for id in range(1, 5):
            eq_(fs.next().id(), id)

        meta = ds.describe()
        eq_(meta['srid'], -1)
        eq_(meta.get('key_field'), u'gid')
        eq_(meta['geometry_type'], mapnik.DataGeometryType.Point)

    def test_empty_geom():
        ds = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, table='test7',
                            geometry_field='geom')
        fs = ds.featureset()
        eq_(fs.next()['gid'], 1)

        meta = ds.describe()
        eq_(meta['srid'], 4326)
        eq_(meta.get('key_field'), None)
        eq_(meta['geometry_type'], mapnik.DataGeometryType.Collection)

    def create_ds():
        ds = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME,
                            table='test',
                            max_size=20,
                            geometry_field='geom')
        fs = list(ds.all_features())
        eq_(len(fs), 8)

        meta = ds.describe()
        eq_(meta['srid'], 4326)
        eq_(meta.get('key_field'), None)
        eq_(meta['geometry_type'], mapnik.DataGeometryType.Collection)

    def test_threaded_create(NUM_THREADS=100):
        # run one to start before thread loop
        # to ensure that a throw stops the test
        # from running all threads
        create_ds()
        runs = 0
        for i in range(NUM_THREADS):
            t = threading.Thread(target=create_ds)
            t.start()
            t.join()
            runs += 1
        eq_(runs, NUM_THREADS)

    def create_ds_and_error():
        try:
            ds = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME,
                                table='asdfasdfasdfasdfasdf',
                                max_size=20)
            ds.all_features()
        except Exception as e:
            eq_('in executeQuery' in str(e), True)

    def test_threaded_create2(NUM_THREADS=10):
        for i in range(NUM_THREADS):
            t = threading.Thread(target=create_ds_and_error)
            t.start()
            t.join()

    def test_that_64bit_int_fields_work():
        ds = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME,
                            table='test8',
                            geometry_field='geom')
        eq_(len(ds.fields()), 2)
        eq_(ds.fields(), ['gid', 'int_field'])
        eq_(ds.field_types(), ['int', 'int'])
        fs = ds.featureset()
        feat = fs.next()
        eq_(feat.id(), 1)
        eq_(feat['gid'], 1)
        eq_(feat['int_field'], 2147483648)
        feat = fs.next()
        eq_(feat.id(), 2)
        eq_(feat['gid'], 2)
        eq_(feat['int_field'], 922337203685477580)

        meta = ds.describe()
        eq_(meta['srid'], -1)
        eq_(meta.get('key_field'), None)
        eq_(meta['geometry_type'], mapnik.DataGeometryType.Point)

    def test_persist_connection_off():
        # NOTE: max_size should be equal or greater than
        #       the pool size. There's currently no API to
        #       check nor set that size, but the current
        #       default is 20, so we use that value. See
        #       http://github.com/mapnik/mapnik/issues/863
        max_size = 20
        for i in range(0, max_size + 1):
            ds = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME,
                                max_size=1,  # unused
                                persist_connection=False,
                                table='(select ST_MakePoint(0,0) as g, pg_backend_pid() as p, 1 as v) as w',
                                geometry_field='g')
            fs = ds.featureset()
            eq_(fs.next()['v'], 1)

            meta = ds.describe()
            eq_(meta['srid'], -1)
            eq_(meta['geometry_type'], mapnik.DataGeometryType.Point)

    def test_null_comparision():
        ds = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, table='test9',
                            geometry_field='geom')
        fs = ds.featureset()
        feat = fs.next()

        meta = ds.describe()
        eq_(meta['srid'], -1)
        eq_(meta.get('key_field'), None)
        eq_(meta['geometry_type'], mapnik.DataGeometryType.Point)

        eq_(feat['gid'], 1)
        eq_(feat['name'], 'name')
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] = 'name'").evaluate(feat), True)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] = ''").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] = null").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] = true").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] = false").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] != 'name'").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] != ''").evaluate(feat), True)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] != null").evaluate(feat), True)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] != true").evaluate(feat), True)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] != false").evaluate(feat), True)

        feat = fs.next()
        eq_(feat['gid'], 2)
        eq_(feat['name'], '')
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] = 'name'").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] = ''").evaluate(feat), True)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] = null").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] = true").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] = false").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] != 'name'").evaluate(feat), True)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] != ''").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] != null").evaluate(feat), True)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] != true").evaluate(feat), True)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] != false").evaluate(feat), True)

        feat = fs.next()
        eq_(feat['gid'], 3)
        eq_(feat['name'], None)  # null
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] = 'name'").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] = ''").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] = null").evaluate(feat), True)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] = true").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] = false").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] != 'name'").evaluate(feat), True)
        # https://github.com/mapnik/mapnik/issues/1859
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] != ''").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] != null").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] != true").evaluate(feat), True)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[name] != false").evaluate(feat), True)

    def test_null_comparision2():
        ds = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, table='test10',
                            geometry_field='geom')
        fs = ds.featureset()
        feat = fs.next()

        meta = ds.describe()
        eq_(meta['srid'], -1)
        eq_(meta.get('key_field'), None)
        eq_(meta['geometry_type'], mapnik.DataGeometryType.Point)

        eq_(feat['gid'], 1)
        eq_(feat['bool_field'], True)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] = 'name'").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] = ''").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] = null").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] = true").evaluate(feat), True)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] = false").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] != 'name'").evaluate(feat), True)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] != ''").evaluate(
            feat), True)  # in 2.1.x used to be False
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] != null").evaluate(
            feat), True)  # in 2.1.x used to be False
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] != true").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] != false").evaluate(feat), True)

        feat = fs.next()
        eq_(feat['gid'], 2)
        eq_(feat['bool_field'], False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] = 'name'").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] = ''").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] = null").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] = true").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] = false").evaluate(feat), True)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] != 'name'").evaluate(feat), True)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] != ''").evaluate(feat), True)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] != null").evaluate(
            feat), True)  # in 2.1.x used to be False
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] != true").evaluate(feat), True)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] != false").evaluate(feat), False)

        feat = fs.next()
        eq_(feat['gid'], 3)
        eq_(feat['bool_field'], None)  # null
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] = 'name'").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] = ''").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] = null").evaluate(feat), True)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] = true").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] = false").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] != 'name'").evaluate(
            feat), True)  # in 2.1.x used to be False
        # https://github.com/mapnik/mapnik/issues/1859
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] != ''").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] != null").evaluate(feat), False)
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] != true").evaluate(
            feat), True)  # in 2.1.x used to be False
        eq_(mapnik.Expression("[bool_field] != false").evaluate(
            feat), True)  # in 2.1.x used to be False

    # https://github.com/mapnik/mapnik/issues/1816
    def test_exception_message_reporting():
        try:
            mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, table='doesnotexist')
        except Exception as e:
            eq_(str(e) != 'unidentifiable C++ exception', True)

    def test_null_id_field():
        opts = {'type': 'postgis',
                'dbname': MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME,
                'geometry_field': 'geom',
                'table': "(select null::bigint as osm_id, GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINT(0 0)') as geom) as tmp"}
        ds = mapnik.Datasource(**opts)
        fs = ds.featureset()
        feat = fs.next()
        eq_(feat.id(), long(1))
        eq_(feat['osm_id'], None)

        meta = ds.describe()
        eq_(meta['srid'], 4326)
        eq_(meta.get('key_field'), None)
        eq_(meta['geometry_type'], mapnik.DataGeometryType.Point)

    @raises(StopIteration)
    def test_null_key_field():
        opts = {'type': 'postgis',
                "key_field": 'osm_id',
                'dbname': MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME,
                'geometry_field': 'geom',
                'table': "(select null::bigint as osm_id, GeomFromEWKT('SRID=4326;POINT(0 0)') as geom) as tmp"}
        ds = mapnik.Datasource(**opts)
        fs = ds.featureset()
        # should throw since key_field is null: StopIteration: No more
        # features.
        fs.next()

    def test_psql_error_should_not_break_connection_pool():
        # Bad request, will trigger an error when returning result
        ds_bad = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, table="""(SELECT geom as geom,label::int from test11) as failure_table""",
                                max_async_connection=5, geometry_field='geom', srid=4326)

        # Good request
        ds_good = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, table="test",
                                 max_async_connection=5, geometry_field='geom', srid=4326)

        # This will/should trigger a PSQL error
        failed = False
        try:
            fs = ds_bad.featureset()
            count = sum(1 for f in fs)
        except RuntimeError as e:
            assert 'invalid input syntax for integer' in str(e)
            failed = True

        eq_(failed, True)

        # Should be ok
        fs = ds_good.featureset()
        count = sum(1 for f in fs)
        eq_(count, 8)

    def test_psql_error_should_give_back_connections_opened_for_lower_layers_to_the_pool():
        map1 = mapnik.Map(600, 300)
        s = mapnik.Style()
        r = mapnik.Rule()
        r.symbols.append(mapnik.PolygonSymbolizer())
        s.rules.append(r)
        map1.append_style('style', s)

        # This layer will fail after a while
        buggy_s = mapnik.Style()
        buggy_r = mapnik.Rule()
        buggy_r.symbols.append(mapnik.PolygonSymbolizer())
        buggy_r.filter = mapnik.Filter("[fips] = 'FR'")
        buggy_s.rules.append(buggy_r)
        map1.append_style('style for buggy layer', buggy_s)
        buggy_layer = mapnik.Layer('this layer is buggy at runtime')
        # We ensure the query wille be long enough
        buggy_layer.datasource = mapnik.PostGIS(dbname=MAPNIK_TEST_DBNAME, table='(SELECT geom as geom, pg_sleep(0.1), fips::int from world_merc) as failure_tabl',
                                                max_async_connection=2, max_size=2, asynchronous_request=True, geometry_field='geom')