Django is a widely used Python web application framework with a "batteries-included" philosophy. The principle behind batteries-included is that the common functionality for building web applications should come with the framework instead of as separate libraries.
For example, authentication, URL routing, a templating system, an object-relational mapper, and database schema migrations (as of version 1.7) are all included with the Django framework. Compare that included functionality to the Flask framework which requires a separate library such as Flask-Login to perform user authentication.
The batteries-included and extensibility philosophies are simply two different ways to tackle framework building. Neither philosophy is inherently better than the other.
The Django project's stability, performance and community have grown tremendously over the past decade since the framework's creation. Detailed tutorials and best practices are readily available on the web and in books. The framework continues to add significant new functionality such as database migrations with each release.
I highly recommend the Django framework as a starting place for new Python web developers because the official documentation and tutorials are some of the best anywhere in software development. Many cities also have Django-specific groups such as Django District, Django Boston and San Francisco Django so new developers can get help when they are stuck.
There's some debate on whether learning Python by using Django is a bad idea. However, that criticism is invalid if you take the time to learn the Python syntax and language semantics first before diving into web development.
Tango with Django are a extensive free introductions to using the most popular Python web framework. Several current developers said this book really helped them get over the initial framework learning curve.
2 Scoops of Django by Daniel Greenfeld and Audrey Roy is well worth the price of admission if you're serious about learning how to correctly develop Django websites.
Effective Django is another free introduction to the web framework.
The Django subreddit often has links to the latest resources for learning Django and is also a good spot to ask questions about it.
Lincoln Loop wrote a Django Best Practices guide for the community.
Steve Losh wrote an incredibly detailed Django Advice guide.
Lightweight Django has several nice examples for breaking Django into smaller simplier components.
The Definitive Guide to Django Deployment explains the architecture of the resulting set up and includes Chef scripts to automate the deployment.
Deploying a Django app on Amazon EC2 instance is a detailed walkthrough for deploying an example Django app to Amazon Web Services.
django-awesome is a curated list of Django libraries and resources.
GoDjango screencasts and tutorials are free short videos for learning how to build Django applications.
Ontwik has learning videos in its Django category.
Designing Django's Migrations covers Django 1.7's new migrations from the main programmer Andrew Godwin.
Getting Started with Django is a series of video tutorials for the framework.
DjangoCon US videos from
2013,
2012,
2011, as well as
earlier US and DjangoCon EU conferences are
all available free of charge.
The Django ORM works well for simple and medium-complexity database operations. However, there are often complaints that the ORM makes complex queries much more complicated than writing straight SQL or using SQLAlchemy.
It's technically possible to drop down to SQL but it ties the queries to a specific database implementation. The ORM is coupled closely with Django so replacing the default ORM with SQLAlchemy is currently a hack workaround. Note though that some of the Django core committers believe it is only a matter of time before the default ORM is replaced with SQLAlchemy. It will be a large effort to get that working though so it's likely to come in Django 1.9 or later.
Since the majority of Django projects are tied to the default ORM, it's best to read up on advanced use cases and tools for doing your best work within the existing framework.
Django Debug Toolbar is a powerful Django ORM database query inspection tool. Highly recommended during development to ensure you're writing reasonable query code. Django Silk is another inspection tool and has capabilities to do more than just SQL inspection.
Making a specific Django app faster is a Django performance blog post with some tips on measuring performance and optimizing based on the measured results.
Why I Hate the Django ORM is Alex Gaynor's overview of the bad designs decisions, some of which he made, while building the Django ORM.
Going Beyond Django ORM with Postgres is specific to using PostgreSQL with Django.
Txt 2 React is a full Django web app that allows audiences to text in during a presentation with feedback or questions.
Openduty is a website status checking and alert system similar to PagerDuty.
Courtside is a pick up sports web application written and maintained by the author of PyCoder's Weekly.
These two Django Interactive Voice Response (IVR) system web application repositorities part 1 and part 2 show you how to build a really cool Django application. There's also an accompanying blog post with detailed explanations of each step.
Caktus Group's Django project template is Django 1.6+ ready.
Cookiecutter Django is a project template from Daniel Greenfeld, for use with Audrey Roy's Cookiecutter. Heroku deployment-ready.
Two Scoops Django project template is also from the PyDanny and Audrey Roy. This one provides a quick scaffold described in the Two Scoops of Django book.
Install Django on your local development machine.
Work through the initial "polls" tutorial.
Build a few more simple applications using the tutorial resources found in the "Django resources" section.
Start coding your own Django project with help from the official documentation and resource links below. You'll make plenty of mistakes which is critical on your path to learning the right way to build applications.
Read 2 Scoops of Django to understand Django best practices and learn better ways of building Django web applications.
Move on to the deployment section to get your Django project on the web.
